Cells Flashcards
Function of cytoplasm
Place where chemical reactions happen
Function of the cell membrane.
Controls which substance move into and out of the cell
Function of mitochondria
Release energy by respiration
Function of ribosomes
Make proteins
Function of chloroplasts
Photosynthesis
Absorb light to make food.
What is found in the vacuole?
Cell sap
Give two differences between animal and bacterial cells.
Bacteria do not have a nucleus.
Bacteria have a cell wall
Name the structures found in a yeast cell
Cell wall, Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
What is the function of a red blood cell?
Carry oxygen round the body
How is a red blood cell specialised?
No nucleus
Haemoglobin in the cytoplasm - carries the oxygen
Biconcave shape - allows it to squeeze through capillaries
What is a specialised cell?
One that has changed shape or structure in order to do a job in the body.
Name the process used to move substances from a high concentration to a low concentration.
Diffusion
How can diffusion be made to go faster?
Increase temperature
Bigger difference in concentration
Name a gas that diffuses into cells through the cell membrane.
Oxygen.
What is a tissue?
A group of cells with a similar structure and function
What is the function of muscular tissue?
Causes movement.
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
Cells that cover part of the body.
What is the function of glandular tissue?
Makes substances such as enzymes and hormones.
What is an organ?
A group of different tissues.
The stomach contains muscular tissue. What is its function?
It churns the food.
The stomach contains glandular tissue. What is its function?
To make digestive juices.
The stomach contains epithelial tissue. What is its function?
It covers the outside and inside of the stomach.
What is the function of the glands in the digestive system?
Make digestive juices.
Name two glands in the digestive system.
Salivary gland and pancreas
What happens in the stomach and small intestine.
Digestion
What is the function of the liver?
Produces bile
What happens in the small intestine?
Digestion and the absorption of digested food.
What happens in the large intestine?
Water is absorbed from the digested food to make faeces.
Name three plant organs.
Stem, root and leaf
Name 4 tissues found in plants
Mesophyll
Epidermal
Xylem
Phloem
What is the function of xylem and phloem?
Phloem transports sugar in plants.
Xylem transports water and mineral ions in plants.
The function of the nucleus
Controls the activity of the cell
Name 3 structures found in bacteria cells
Cytoplasm, membrane, cell wall
Name the chemical found in the cell wall of plant and algae .
Cellulose
Name the process used to move dissolved substances into and out of cells.
Diffusion
What is an organ system?
A group of organs that perform a particular function.
Give an example of an organ system
Digestive system
Name the organs found in the digestive system
Glands Stomach Small intestine Liver Large intestine
What is the function of a root hair cell?
How is it adapted for this job?
Absorbs water and minerals from the soil.
Has a large surface area
Put these structure in order (smallest to largest)
Organ system
Tissue
Cell
Organ
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
All living things are made of …..
Cells
What is the function of the nucleus?
Controls the activities of the cell.
