Cells

Question 1

The DNA of a chromosome carries information the determines the structure and function of what?

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

What are the raw materials of photosynthesis?

Answer 2

Carbon Dioxide and Water

Question 3

What are the limiting factors that will limit the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 3

Light, Carbon Dioxide and Temperature

Question 4

What can sugar be used for in a plant?

Answer 4

• stored as starch and converted back to sugar when needed
• immediately used for Photosynthesis
• used for building materials (eg. Cellulose)

Question 5

What is the process called where oxygen enters cells?

Answer 5

Diffusion

Question 6

What is osmosis?

Answer 6

When water molecules go from a high water concentration to a low water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane

Question 7

What is Active Transport and does it require energy?

Answer 7

It is when molecules move from a low water concentration to a high concentration

• and does require energy

Question 8

Name the substances X and Y and what is this reaction called?

Glucose –> X –> Carbon Dioxide + Y + 38ATP

Answer 8

X- Pyruvate
Y- Water

Aerobic Resperation in Animals

Question 9

What is the equation for Fermentation in Animals?

Answer 9

Glucose –> Pyruvate –> Lactic Acid

ADP+Pi -> ATP

Question 10

What two components make up the cell membrane?

Answer 10

Proteins and lipids

Question 11

What is stage 1 of Photosynthesis called? And what is its equation?

Answer 11

The Light Reaction

Light–>Chlorophyll–>Chemical Energy

ADP+Pi-> ATP Water->Hydrogen

Oxygen-> Diffuses into air

Question 12

What is stage 2 of photosynthesis called?

Answer 12

Carbon Fixation

Question 13

What happenes in an experiment if the plant is kept in well lit conditions?

Answer 13

Bubbles of oxygen

Question 14

Why do plants need photosynthesis?

Answer 14

To make food

Question 15

The variety of protiens is due to what?

Answer 15

The sequence of amino acids which are determined by the order of Bateson the DNA

Question 16

What functions can protiens have?

Answer 16

• They have an important structural function in the cell membranes
• Act as Receptors
• Act as Enzymes
• Functions as Hormones
• Produce Antibodies

Question 17

What is mRNA?

Answer 17

It is a molecule that carried a copy of the code from the DNA

Question 18

What is the process of cell devision called? Why is it required?

Answer 18

Mitosis for growth and repair of cells

Question 19

What is chlorophyll used for?

Answer 19

is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to synthesise carbohydrates from CO2 and water.

Question 20

If a cell has become plasmolysed how can it be restored?

Answer 20

By putting it into pure water

Question 21

What are the basic units that make up protiens?

Answer 21

Amino Acids

Question 22

In cells protiens are reassembled in the…

Answer 22

Ribosomes

Question 23

What is the molecule RNA used for?

Answer 23

To copy a complementary copy of the code from the DNA

Question 24

What process where enzymes are involved in the formation of complex molecules from two or more simpler ones?

Answer 24

Synthesis

Question 25

What is an enzyme?

Answer 25

A protein molecule which is made by all living cells

Question 26

Transgenenic crops are produced when the plants..

Answer 26

Contain genes from another organism

Question 27

In the chloroplast…

Answer 27

Light energy is converted into chemical energy

Question 28

Respiration is…

Answer 28

The release of the energy stored in food