Cells Flashcards
Cell wall
Only found in plants, gives the plant strength and structure
Cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of a cell
Centriole
Spindles fibres and separates chromosomes during the cell division
Chloroplast
Green pigment found in plants, causes photo synthesis
DNA
Double stranded molecules that are in all living things and are inherited from parents
Endoplasmic reticulum
The transport system, ER modifies protein, makes macromolecules, site membrane for manufacturing
Golgi complex
Organelle that ships, stacks and packages products that come from the endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
Contains digestive enzymes which breaks down macro molecules, built in the Golgi complex
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of a cell
Nucleus
Found in all cells, control centre of a cell
Peroxisomes
Contains enzymes that get rid of body toxins, high numbers are found in the liver
Ribosomes
Main site of protein in a cell
RNA
Similar to DNA, single stranded molecules, found outside the nucleus, delivers protein synthesis
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes are attached to it and makes it appear bumpier, specialises in protein synthesis
Vacuole
Extra storage compartment in a cell
Robert Hooke
First man to discover and describe cells
Antoni Van Leewenhoek
First man to look at animal cells
Cell theory
All living things are made of cells
Cells are the smallest unit of life
New cells are made for pre existing cells
Eukaryotic cells
Complicated cells that are multicellular, include a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells
Simple cells that are unicellular, do not have a nucleus and DNA if found free in the cytoplasm, most types of bacteria are prokaryotic
Tissues
Similar cells and cell products producing a definite organ with a specific function, multicellular organism
Organ
Found in animals, a collection of millions of cells which group together to form a function, the body often made of tissue
Apoptosis
Programmed cell death
Mutagens
Things that damage DNA
Carcinogen
Causes cancer
