Cells Flashcards
Define cell membrane
The outer covering of the cell
Define cell
Smallest living units in the body
What are functions of the cell membrane?
Physical isolation, regulation of exchange with the environment, structural support, maintains homeostasis
The cell membrane is a
Selectively permeable or semipermeable membrane
The cell membrane contains?
Phospholipids, proteins, carbohydrates
Membrane proteins can functions as:
Receptors, channels, carriers, enzymes, anchors or identifiers
Proteins contain 20 different what?
Amino acids which are building blocks
Carbohydrates are used…
In production of fats. When the supple of lipids exceeds the demand for energy the excess is stored in fat deposits
Nucleus is?
The control center for genetic information and protein synthesis
Cytoplasm…
Surrounds the nucleus
Mitochondria is
The power plant of the cell
Ribosomes…
Manufacture proteins
What is phagocytosis
Cell eating that produces vesicles containing solid objects that may be as large as the cell itself
Passive transport
Moves ions or molecules across the cell membrane. Requires no energy
Water and dissolved substances…
Move without additional energy
Active transport
Requires Energy
Passive transport mechanisms are
Diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and filtration
Diffusion is?
The most common transport mechanism. It’s the movement of higher concentration to lower
Facilitated diffusion
Is helped across be membrane by a molecule within the membrane. The helper molecule increases the rate of diffusion
Water diffuses from an
Area with more water to an area with less
Filtration is
High pressure to an area of low pressure
What is endocytosis
Taking in or the ingestion of a substance by the cell membrane
Phagocytosis is
Cellular eating
Pinocytosis is
Cellular drinking
What are benign tumors?
Abnormal cells confined in a connective tissue capsule
What is a malignant tumor
Spreads through the organ or system
Define atrophy
Decrease in cell size resulting from a decreased workload
