Cells

Question 0

What is an ion

Answer 0

An atom which carries a charge.

Question 1

Define electrolyte

Answer 1

Ions in body fluid which conduct electricity.

Question 2

Main features of an animal cell

Answer 2

1.Cell membrane - acts a cell boundary retaining all internal structures, regulates movement into and out of a cell, possesses hormone receptors which allow cell to respond to external chemical instructions eg hormones and drugs.
2 cytoplasm
3. Golgi apparatus - stores and packages cell products for secretion.
4. Nucleus- contains chromosomes made of DNA. Contain cells genetic code
5. Nucleolus -involved in synthesis and assembly of ribosomes
6.Endoplasmic reticulum. Rough ER covered with ribosomes, synthesise protein. Smooth ER makes lipids and carbohydrates.
7.lysosome -excretory organelle.
8. Mitochondria - energy production

Question 3

Function of calcium

Answer 3

Major component of bones and teeth. Essential for generation and conduction of electrical impulses in nerve and muscle

Question 4

function of phosphate

Answer 4

major component of bones and teeth, essential for nucleotide production eg ( DNA and ATP)

Question 5

Function of Sodium

Answer 5

Most abundant extracellular cation. regulate fluid movements between fluid compartments; essential for conduction of electrical impulses in nerve and muscle.

Question 6

Function of Potassium

Answer 6

Most abundant intracellular cation; essential for activity of electrically active tissues such as nerve and muscle

Question 7

Iron

Answer 7

Essential component of haemoglobin for oxygen transport

Question 8

Function of Iodine

Answer 8

Essential component of Thyroxine

Question 9

Most abundant extracellular cation

Answer 9

Sodium

Question 10

Most abundant intracellular cation

Answer 10

Potassium

Question 11

Structure of nucleotide

Answer 11

a sugar, a base and a phosphate group