Cells Flashcards
Increase in number of cells.
Hyperplasia
Increase in size of cells resulting in increase of organ?
Hyper trophy
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of uterus during pregnancy?
Both Estrogen stimulated smooth muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia.
Wound healing, hypertrophy or hyperplasia?
Hyperplasia
Type of cell death characterized by nuclear dissolution, without complete loss of membrane integrity.
Apoptosis
Type of cell death which is energy-dependent, tightly regulated, and associated with normal cellular functions.
Apoptosis
Type of cell death which results from a pathologic cell injury.
Necrosis
Type of death associated with inflammation.
Necrosis
It is the irreversible condensation of chromatin in the nucleus of a cell undergoing necrosis or apoptosis.
Pylons is
It is the destructive fragmentation of the nucleus of a dying cell.
Karyorrhexis
It is the complete dissolution of the chromatin of a dying cell.
Largo lysis
This is the first manifestation of almost all forms of injury to cells.
Cellular swelling
Small clear vacuoles within the cytoplasm, representing pinched-off segments of the endoplasmic reticulum.
Hydropic change or Vacuolar degeneration
Appearance of lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm.
Fatty change
Surface blebs, increased eosinophilia of the cytoplasm, cellular swelling.
Reversible/Early Ischemic Injury
Cell injury with loss of nuclei, cellular fragmentation and leakage of cellular contents.
Irreversible/Necrotic cellular injury
These are chemical species with a single unpaired electron in the outer orbital.
Free radicals
Most common cause of cell injury in clinical medicine.
Ischemic
Composed of membrane-bound vesicles of cytosol and organelles seen in programmed-cell death.
Apoptosis bodies
Restoration of blood flow to Ischemic but otherwise viable tissue paradoxically results in exacerbated and accelerated injury.
Ischemic-Reperfusion Injury
Pathway of apoptosis triggered by loss of survival signals, DNA damage and accumulation of misfiled proteins. Inhibited by anti-apoptosis members of the Bcl family.
Mitochondrial/Intrinsic Pathway
Pathway of apoptosis responsible for elimination of self-reactive lymphocytes and damage by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Initiated by TNF receptors.
Death Receptors/Extrinsic Pathway
