Cells Flashcards
What are the 3 key areas of any cell
- Exterior plasma membrane
- Nuclear region
- Interior cytoplasm
What is the difference between a flagellum and a cilia
Flagella are large but few in number whereas cilia are small but many in number
What does amphipathic mean and what is an example of something that is amphipathic
Containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts
Cell membranes are amphipathic
How do cells adjust membrane fluidity
By altering the number of double bonds present in phospholipids
When and who discovered cells
1665 by Robert Hooke
What are the 3 main principles of cell theory
- All organisms are composed of 1+ cell
- Cells are the smallest unit of life forming the basis of all living things
- Cells arise only by division of pre-existing cells
What do nuclear pores do
They allow mRNA and other materials to enter or leave the cell
Where are disulphide bonds on proteins usually formed
The rough endoplasmic reticulum
What is quorum sensing
When cells sense signals from neighbouring cells
What are the 4 main types of intercellular signaling
- Contact dependent
- Practice
- Synaptic
- Endocrine
What are some advantages of compartmentalisation of cells
Maintain conc gradients
Regulate gene expression
Pathway regulation
Localisation of specific enzymes
Act as barriers for infections
What does clathrin do
It polymerises into a basket shape and wraps around newly formed vesicles forming a coat which is removed once the vesicle is fully formed
What helical molecule facilitates the fission stage of vesicle construction
Dynamin
What do T-snare and rab proteins do
They grab and hold molecules that have been transported within the cell
