cells Flashcards
Prokaryote
A type of cell that is very simple and does not have a nucleus. The DNA is not inside a special membrane but floats in the cell. Ex: bacteria
Eukaryote:
: A type of cell that is more complex and has a nucleus, where the DNA is stored.
Ex: plants, animals, fungi, and protists
. Organelles
: are tiny structures that carry out specific functions within a cell.
Mitochondria
are organelles in cells that produce energy for the cell. They are called the powerhouse of the cell.
. Chloroplast:
: is an organelle within the cells of plants and certain algae that is the site of photosynthesis.
Vacuoles
are the storage areas of cells.
. Nucleus:
is the control center of the cell and it stores the genetic material, called DNA.
Ribosomes
are like little factories that produce protein.
Endoplasmic Reticulum:
are like little factories that produce protein.
Golgi Bodies
take proteins and other materials, package them up, and send them to different parts of the cell or to other places in the body where they are needed.
Centrioles
are tiny helpers in the cell that help it divide and make new cells. They help organize the parts that pull the cell apart during cell division.
Cell Wall:
is the strong outer layer of a plant cell that protects it and gives it shape and support. It helps the plant stand tall and keeps the cell safe. Animal cells do not have a cell wall.
Cell Membrane:
is like a gatekeeper for the cell. It controls what goes in and out, letting certain things in and keeping certain things out. It also helps hold the cell together.
Cytoplasm
: is the jelly-like fluid inside a cell that holds all the organelles in place. It helps the cell keep its shape and allows nutrients and other materials to move around.
Homeostasis
This is how our body keeps everything balanced and just right.
Osmosis
this is when water moves from one place to another through a special barrier, like a cell wall.
Diffusion
This is when things spread out from where there is a lot to where there is less.
Endosytosis
(En-do-sy-TOE-sis) is when a cell large molecules, fluids, or even entire microorganisms by wrapping its membrane around them and bringing them inside.
Exocytosis
(Ex-o-sy-TOE-sis) - is when a cell expels things, like waste or chemicals, by packing them in a little bubble and sending them out of the cell.
