Cells Flashcards
Cell membrane
is the outer covering of a cell within which all other cell components, such as the cytoplasm and nucleus, are enclosed. Itreferred to as the plasma
membrane and it is present in all cells.
Cell wall
the most prominent part of the plant’s cell structure. It is made up of
cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin.
Cytoplasm
a thick, clear, jelly-like substance present inside the cell membrane. Most of the chemical reactions within a cell take place in this cytoplasm
Nucleus
is a spherical-shaped organelle that is present in every eukaryotic cell
Nucleolus
is the site of ribosome synthesis. Also, it is involved in controlling cellular
activities and cellular reproduction
Nuclear membrane
protects the nucleus by forming a boundary between the
nucleus and other cell organelles.
Chromosomes
play a crucial
role in transferring hereditary informations across generations and determining the sex
of an individual
Ribosome
are the cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis
ER
is a network of internal membranes..
Rough er
It is a series of connected flattened sacs having several ribosomes on its outer surface.
Smooth er
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a tubular form.
Golgi apparatus
Sorting, tagging, packaging, and distributing lipids and proteins takes place
Mitochondria
Is the powerhouse of the cell
Peroxisomes
Are small, round organelles enclosed by single membranes.
Vesicles and Vacuoles
are membrane-bound sacs that function in storage and transport
Lysosome
are the cell’s “garbage disposal
Chloroplast
are plant cell organelles that carry out photosynthesis
The central vacuoles
plays a key role in regulating the cell’s concentration of water in changing environmental conditions.
Endomembrane system
is a group of membranes and organelles in eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.
Microfilaments
are the narrowest.
Intermediate tubules
have no role in cell movement. Their function is purely structural
Microtubules
As their name implies, microtubules are small hollow tubes.
Flagella
are long, hair-like structures that extend from the plasma membrane and enable an entire cell to move
Cilia
They are short, hair-like structures that move entire cells
