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ap bio > cells > Flashcards

cells Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

prokaryotic

A
  • single cell
  • no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
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2
Q

eukaryotic

A
  • membrane bound organelles
  • nucleus
  • single or multi cellular
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3
Q

nucleus

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Stores DNA, controls gene expression, and regulates cell activities.
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4
Q

smooth er

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Lipid synthesis, detoxification, and calcium storage.
  • No ribosomes on its surface
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5
Q

rough er

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Protein synthesis and folding.
  • Studded with ribosomes that give it a “rough” appearance.
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6
Q

cell membrane

A
  • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
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7
Q

peroxisome

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Breaks down fatty acids and detoxifies harmful substances.
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8
Q

lysosome

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Mostly Animal Cells (Rare in Plants)
  • Digests cellular waste and macromolecules.
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9
Q

golgi apparatus

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion.
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10
Q

ribosome

A
  • Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Protein synthesis.
  • Can be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the Rough ER.
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11
Q

cell wall

A
  • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Provides structure and protection.
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12
Q

chloroplast

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant Cells
  • Photosynthesis – converts light energy to chemical energy.
  • Contains chlorophyll, double membrane.
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13
Q

plasmodesmata

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant Cells
  • Channels that allow communication and transport between plant cells.
  • Bridges between plant cell walls.
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14
Q

vacuole

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Plant or Animal Cells
  • Storage of nutrients, water, and waste products.
  • Central vacuole in plants maintains turgor pressure.
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15
Q

centrosome

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Animal Cells
  • Organizes microtubules and plays a role in cell division.
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16
Q

flagellum

A
  • Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
  • Mostly in animal cells and some plant cells (rare)
  • Movement and locomotion of the cell.
  • Long, whip-like structure; powered by motor proteins.
17
Q

mitochondira

A
  • eukaryotic
  • plant and animal cells
  • double membrane
  • makes atp

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