Cells

Question 1

Description of a Nucleus?

Answer 1

a circular or oval structure that contains DNA in the form of chromosomes
(DNA is packed into chromosomes to fit in the nucleus of every cell)

Question 2

What to chromosomes contain?

Answer 2

chromosomes contains genetic information in the form of genes and
controls cell activities.

Question 3

Function of Nucleus?

Answer 3

controls cell division, controls cell development , controls cell activities.

Question 4

Cell Division

Answer 4

A new cell is produced by the division of an existing cell.

Question 5

Protein Synthesis

Answer 5

determines which proteins can be made in the cell.

Question 6

Ribosomes Function

Answer 6

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Ribosomes Description

Answer 7

small, circular structures atatched to membranes or lying free

Question 8

Mitochondria function

Answer 8

contains enzymes responsible for aerobic respiration (to release energy)

Question 9

Cells with a lot of mitochondria

Answer 9

sperms, liver, muscles, nerve cells
(Cells that need a lot of energy)
More mitochondria ➔ more energy released
Cells need more energy for metabolism (break down and build
up different chemicals)

Question 10

Vaccuole description

Answer 10

Fluid-filled space/sac enclosed
by a single membrane(selectively permeable)

Question 11

Content of a Vaccuole

Answer 11

cell sap which is a
watery solution of sugars, salts
and sometimes pigments

Question 12

Function of a Vaccuole

Answer 12

contains salts and sugars. Helps keep plants cells firm

Question 13

Bacterium description

Answer 13

Prokaryotes (e.g. bacteria) do not have nucleus. The chromosome is
not surrounded by membrane.

Question 14

Circular Dna

Answer 14

a single circular chromosome

Question 15

Circular Dna function

Answer 15

controls cell division, controls cell development, controls cell activities

Question 16

Plasmids

Answer 16

small circular peices of DNA

Question 17

Plasmids function

Answer 17

contains genes that carry genetic information to help the process of the survival and reproduction of the bacterium.

Question 18

Common features in cells

Answer 18

.cell membrane
* cytoplasm
* DNA

Question 19

Magnifaction formula

Answer 19

magnification = image size (in mm) ÷ actual size (in mm)
Example:400 = 12mm ÷ actual size in mm
actual size = 12 ÷ 400
actual size = 0.03mm

Question 20

Cytoplasm

Answer 20

jelly like- with particles and organelles in.

Question 21

Function of cytoplasm

Answer 21

contains the cell organelles , e.g mitochondria and nucleus.

Question 22

Cytoplasm function

Answer 22

contains the cell organelles, e.g mitochondria, nucleus.

Question 23

cell membrane

Answer 23

a partially permeable layer that forms a boundary around the cytoplasm

Question 24

cell membrane function

Answer 24

prevents cell contents from escaping
controls what substances enter and leave the cell.

Question 25

cell wall

Answer 25

a tough, non living layer made of celluose surrounding the cell membrane.

Question 26

cell wall function

Answer 26

prevents plant cells from bursting, allows water and salts to pass through (freely permeable)

Question 27

chloroplast

Answer 27

an orgenelle containing chlorophyll

Question 28

chloroplast function

Answer 28

traps light energy for photosynthesis

Question 29

mm to micrometre

Answer 29

1 mm = 1000 micrometre