CELLS Flashcards
In 1665, this English scientist discovered cells while looking at a thin slice of cork. He described cells as tiny boxes or a honeycomb. He thought that cells only existed in plants and fungi
ROBERT HOOKE
In 1673, he used a handmade microscope to observe Pon scum & discovered single-celled organisms and he called them “animalcules”
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
He also observed blood cells from fish, frogs, birds, dogs and humans. Therefore, it was known that cells are found in animals as well as plants
ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK
In 1838, he concluded that all plant parts are made of cells
MATTHIAS SCHLEIDEN
In 1839, he stated that all animal tissues are composed of cells
THEODOR SCHWANN
In 1858, after extensive study of cellular pathology, he concluded that cells must arise from pre-existing cells.
RUDOLF VIRCHOW
Examples of prokaryotes
EUBACTERIA AND ARCHAEBACTERIA
Two types of eukaryotic cells
PLANT & ANIMAL CELL
Semi-permeabe membrane that forms the boundary of the cell and controls what comes in and goes out of the cell
CELL MEMBRANE
Control center of the cell; controls the functions within the cell and contains the genetic material
NUCLEUS
Physical structures in a nucleus that contain the cell’s genetic material which provides instructions for the cell’s functions
CHROMOSOMES
Provides additional structure and support for cells (in plant cells)
CELL WALL
Found in cells that contain chlorophyll and uses light energy to make food for the cell
CHLOROPLAST
Gel like substance that move nutrients though in the cell and also acts as shock absorber
CYTOPLASM
Breaks down food material and releases energy into cell
MITOCHONDRIA
Stores food, water, and waste products. Is much larger in plant cells.
VACUOLE
Produces proteins in the cel
RIBOSOMES
Transports molecules throughout the cell. The surface contains ribosomes
RER
Transports molecules throughout the cell
SER
Receives, processes, packages and ships molecules around and out of the cell
GOLGI BODY
Breaks down food particles, invading objects, or worn out cell parts. Also called suicidal bags of the cell
LYSOSOMES
Has no cell wall, no central vacuole but has many food vacuoles and has no chloroplast
ANIMAL CELL
Has cell wall, large central vacuole to store large amounts of water and has chloroplast to do photosynthesis
PLANT CELL
