Cells Flashcards
What is the function of a plant cell wall?
Gives strength and support to plant cells
Made from cellulose
Makes the cell rigid
What is the function of a plant cell vacuole?
Contains cell sap.
This keeps the cell firm.
Identify the 4 components of an animal cell
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
What is the function of a cell membrane?
the barrier around a cell that controls what can enter/exit
What are the 7 components of a plant cell?
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Chloroplasts
Cell wall
What is the function of the mitochondria in cells
Where respiration happens
Respiration is the reaction that releases energy for the cell
What is the function of cytoplasm?
A jelly like substance where chemical reactions takes place
What is the function of the nucleus of a cell?
Controls the activity of the cell
Contains genetic information needed to make new cells
How is a nerve cell adapted to carry out its function (job)?
It is long and thin so can send messages all over the body.
It has connections at each end to connect with other nerve cells
What is the function of the jelly layer on a human egg cell?
To attract sperm.
To protect the egg
How is a sperm cell adapted to carry out its function (job)
They have a streamlined shape, to help them swim.
They contain mitochondria to give energy to their tail.
They have a tail for movement.
They have a pointed head that can burrow into the egg
What is the function (job) of a sperm cell?
To carry male genetic information.
To fertilise an egg.
How is a root hair cell adapted to carry out its function (job)?
It has a long, thin root hair which creates a large surface area for absorbing water and nutrients
What is a specialised cell?
A cell that is adapted (has special features).
So that it can carry out a specific function (job)
What is the function of the fat stores in a human egg cell?
To provide energy for the developing embryo (early form of a baby)
What is the red pigment in red blood cells called that allows the cell to carry oxygen?
Haemoglobin
What is the function of a red blood cell?
They transport oxygen around the body
How is a leaf cell adapted to carry out its function (job)?
It is long and thing which provides a big surface to capture sunlight.
It contains many chloroplasts which carry out photosynthesis
What is the function (job) of a nerve cell?
To carry electrical impulses around the body
What is the function of a root hair cell?
To help the plants absorb nutrients and water from the soil
How are red blood cells adapted to carry out their function (job)?
They contain haemoglobin (red pigment) that joins with oxygen.
They have no nucleus so more room for oxygen.
They have a disklike shape to increase the surface area that oxygen can bind to.
Why do root hair cells not have chloroplasts like most plant cells?
They are underground so they can’t photosynthesis
Where does water go when it enters a cell?
It enters the vacuole and makes the cell rigid
What is the equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen –> Energy + CO2 + H2O
How are glucose and oxygen transported around the body?
By the blood
Which nutrient found in food gives us energy?
Glucose
How does water move into root hair cells?
By diffusion
What are the waste products of respiration?
Carbon Dioxide and water
Where does respiration happen?
Inside the mitochondria
What do amoebas eat?
Bacteria, algae, plant cells
Give 2 examples of unicellular organisms
Amoeba
Euglena
What is the name of the process by which euglena and amoebas reproduce?
Binary fission
What is the function of the eye spot of a euglena?
It detects light
How is the euglena adapted to get its energy?
It has chloroplasts to do photosynthesis
It has an eye spot to detect light
It has a flagellum to move towards light
What is a unicellular organism?
An organism that is just made of 1 cell
