Cells Flashcards
(21 cards)
what are in animal cells
cell membrane
nucleus
nuclear membrane
chromosomes
mitochondria
glycogen molecules
what are in plant cells
cell wall
cell membrane
nucleus
nuclear membrane
vacuole
mitochondria
chloroplasts
starch granules
cytoplasm
What is the function of the nucleus
it controls the cell
what is the function of the cytoplasm
chemical reactions take place here
what is the function of the cell membrane
it provides support/holds the cell together
what is the function of the mitochondria
carries out respiration
what is the function of the cell wall
it prevents the cell from bursting
what is the function the vacuole
it supports the plant/keep it in shape
what is the function of the chloroplasts
it traps light to help carry out photosynthesis
where is root hair cell found and what is its adaptations
Root hair cell is found in the plant roots and it has a long outgrowth so is can take up lots of water
what are the differences between animal and bacterial cells
~bacterial cells don’t have a nucleus
~plasmid dna
~flagellum
~it has a cell wall (not made from cellulose)
label the microscrope
~eyepiece lens
~eyepiece
~spine
~objective lens
~clips
~stage
~course and fine focusing nobs
~light source
how do you workout total magnification
total magnification = eyepiece lens magnification X objective lens magnification
how to make a onion cell slide
- peel a thin layer of the inner bit of the onion
- put the thin piece of the onion onto a microscope slide and add two drops of iodine
- slowly lower the cover slip onto the microscope with a mounted needle
how many micrometers are in 1mm
1000 micrometers
how do you workout the magnification
m = I/A
I ——— A x M
what is a stem cell
stem cells are very simple, undifferentiated cells that can be multiplied or differentiate into specialized cells in the body
where is the source of adult stem cells
found in the bone marrow, blood, heart tissues
what are the advantages of using embryonic stem cells
embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell in the human body while adult stem cells can differentiate into limited type of cells
ethical issues with stem cells
~some people think that the use of the embryos in this way is murder
~ some people believe this is against human rights if the embryo
~ some people feel it may lead to the production of designer babies or human cloning
why are plants growing unevenly
plants grow in particular regions called apices. shoot and root tips are examples of apices
