cells Flashcards
cells
All living things are made of cells. These are the smallest building blocks of animals and plants.
What’s in a cell?
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Genes
Cell Membrane
The cell membrane acts as a barrier. It controls what substances can enter or leave the cell.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a watery gel with many useful substances dissolved in it.
Nucleus
Every cell has a nucleus somewhere in the cytoplasm. The nucleus directs the cell’s activity. It is sometimes described as the ‘control centre’. It controls which activities happen, when, and for how long.
Genes
The nucleus has a set of instructions, called genes that enable it to do these activities.
Cells in plants have
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cell wall
A cell wall is a layer outside the cell membrane. The cell wall is made of a tough substance called cellulose. It is strong and keeps the cell’s shape.
Chloroplasts
Green chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm. These give the plants their green color. Chloroplasts use light energy to make sugars. The sugars are an energy source for the cell.
Vacuole
A large bubble of fluid called a vacuole is found inside the cell. The fluid is a solution of useful materials, such as sugars.
Specialized Cells
Specialised cells have features, or adaptations, that make them efficient at their job. Cells with the same function in different places have the same specialisations.
Red blood cells
Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body.
Sperm cell
A sperm cell delivers a nucleus containing genes to an egg
Root Hair cell
Root hair cell absorbs water and minerals from the soil
Palaside cell
Palaside cell makes sugar for the plants
