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science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

cells

A

the basic unit of structure and function in an organism * its shape and size contribute to its function

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2
Q

Robert Hooke

A

used a microscope to discover cells

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3
Q

Microscope

A

tool used to magnify or enlarg small things

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4
Q

Cell theory

A
  1. All organisms are made up of one or more cells.
  2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
  3. All cells come from cells that already exist.
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5
Q

an organelle

A

a tiny structure in the cell that performs a function

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

directs all cell activities (similar to the brain of the cell)

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7
Q

Nucleolus

A

makaes ribosomes

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8
Q

chromatin

A

containes DNA (genetic material that are the instructions for the cell

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

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9
Q

Nuclear Membrane

A

surrounds the nucleus

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10
Q

Cell Membrane

A

selectively permeable membrane meaning it only lets specific materials move in and out of the cell

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11
Q

Cytoplasm

A

gel-like material inside the cell
- cytosol is part of the cytoplasm

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12
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum
(ER)

A

moves material around in the cell

  • like a highway
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13
Q

Ribosomes

A

make proteins and translate messages

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14
Q

Golgi bodies

A

the packaging organelle

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15
Q

Mitochondria

A

powerhouse of the cell because it breaks down food molecules and releases energy
*does cellular respiration

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16
Q

Vacuole

A

storage area in the cell

17
Q

Lysosomes

A

digest wastes and worn-out cell parts, “cleans” the cell

18
Q

Chloroplasts

A

contain a chemical called chlorophyll (absorbs the sun’s energy & makes the plant green) and allows the plant to make food for itself (like solar panels)
*does photosynthesis
*only in plants

19
Q

Cell wall

A

outer boundary of plant cell, rigid & tough, provides support and shape
-made of cellulose
*only in plants

20
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A

Cells that do not have a nucleus, usually unicellular

21
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Cells contain a nucleus and other organelles

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