Cells Flashcards
What is respiration?
The process where cells use oxygen to break down food molecules to get chemical energy to perform cell functions.
What is the nucleus?
The brain of the cells, contains the cell’s DNA. It is enclosed within the nuclear membrane.
What is the Nucleolus?
The brain of the nucleus, produces ribosomes, contains DNA and RNA. Takes up 25% vol of the nucleus.
What is the function of a Plasma Membrane?
Encloses the cell and controls what goes in and out.
What is the Plasma Membrane made out of?
A Phospholipid layer.
What are some functions of the Plasma Membrane?
Partially permeable - controls what goes in and out.
Signals to each other.
Holds components of some chemical reactions.
Cells recognise where they belong.
Allows molecules to bind to receptors in the membrane.
3 functions of the components of the Plasma Membrane
Phospholipids - controls what goes in and out.
Integral protein - transport of molecules in and out the cell.
Glycoproteins and glycolipids - cell recognition, cell signalling and receptors.
What is the function of the Mitochondria?
Provides the cell with energy, place of cellular respiration.
What is the structure of the Mitochondria?
Contains internal folds within double membrane.
What is the function of the Cytoplasm?
Used for transport similar to blood. Suspends other organelles, maintains the cells shape.
What is the structure of the Cytoplasm?
A jelly-like fluid made of cytosol.
What is the function of the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum(Rough ER)?
Packages and processes proteins made by ribosomes. Proteins differ in cells, some WBC the RER produces antibodies.
What is the function of the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum(Smooth ER)?
Carbohydrate and lipid synthesis and storage. In the liver they produce enzymes that detoxify certain compounds.
