Cells

Question 1

Characteristics of Living Things

Answer 1

• made up of cells
• reproduce
  - asexual: reproduce by itself
  - sexual: reproduce with another organism
• have DNA or RNA
• use energy (metabolism)
• grow and develop
• respond to environment (stimulus)
• maintain homeostasis
• evolve

Question 2

Biotic

Answer 2

Living

Question 3

Abiotic

Answer 3

Nonliving

Question 4

Organic Molecules

Answer 4

molecules with a carbon chain/ring

Question 5

Inorganic Molecules

Answer 5

found inside an organism

Question 6

Cell Theory

Answer 6

• living things made up of cells
• cells come from other cells
• basic unit of life

Question 7

Prokaryotes

Answer 7

no nucleus
Ex: Cyanobacteria
photosynthetic

Question 8

Eukaryote

Answer 8

nucleus
complex

Question 9

anaerobic bacteria

Answer 9

• doesn’t need oxygen

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

Holds DNA
in charge of cell processes

Question 11

nucleolus

Answer 11

-makes ribosomes

Question 12

nuclear membrane

Answer 12

membrane surrounding nucleus

Question 13

chromatin

Answer 13

loose form of DNA and protein
- in a non dividing cell

Question 14

vacuoles

Answer 14

storage filled with water, minerals, salts

Question 15

contractile vacuole

Answer 15

pump to regulate amount of water in some single celled organism

Question 16

vesicle

Answer 16

transportation/storage

Question 17

lysosomes

Answer 17

enzymes break down proteins

Question 18

cytoskeleton

Answer 18

supports cell structure
roadway for material to get around cell

Question 19

microtubules

Answer 19

help cell division

Question 20

ribosomes

Answer 20

make proteins from amino acids

Question 21

free ribosomes

Answer 21

move around cytoplasm

Question 22

bound ribosomes

Answer 22

stay on rough er

Question 23

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 23

makes fat and carbohydrates
removes dangerous particles from blood

Question 24

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 24

divides cell into sections so each section does a certain task

Question 25

Golgi apparatus

Answer 25

adds carbohydrates and fats to protein (from er)

Question 26

chloroplast

Answer 26

helps complete photosynthesis
has chlorophyl
makes glucose

Question 27

mitochondria

Answer 27

powerhouse of the cell
helps with cellular respiration

Question 28

centrioles

Answer 28

divide cells in cell division
has microtubules

Question 29

Miller Urey Experiment

Answer 29

simulated the atmosphere of earth to show how amino acids and organic compounds were made

Question 30

Theory of Endosymbiosis

Answer 30

ancient prokaryote takes in mitochondrion, mitochondrion is used for energy

Question 31

hypothesis

Answer 31

guess, what you are testing

Question 32

experimental group

Answer 32

the group that changes during the experiment

Question 33

control group

Answer 33

group that stays the same throughout the experiment

Question 34

independent variable

Answer 34

isn’t changed by any other variables
ex. amount of water given to a plant
x on a graph
manipulated variable

Question 35

dependent variable

Answer 35

variable that changes form the independent variable
ex. height of a plant after being watered
y on a graph or chart
responding variable

Question 36

controlled variable

Answer 36

condition stays the same
ex. plant type/amount of sunlight

Question 37

data table/graph

Answer 37

organize information

Question 38

RNA came first

Answer 38

RNA gives DNA instructions to build proteins

Question 39

qualitative data

Answer 39

descriptive data
- red and blue turn into purple

Question 40

quantitative data

Answer 40

numerical data
- amount of chairs

Question 41

earth’s early atmosphere

Answer 41

contained of barely any oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, water vapor, and nitrogen
- with smaller amounts of other gasses