Cells Flashcards by Gaper XXxxX | Brainscape

Q

State 4 parts of animal cells visible under the microscope?

A

nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane

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Q

State 4 additional features of eukaryotic cells that are not visible under the microscope

A

ribosomes
mitochondria
rough endoplasmic reticulum
vesicles

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Q

What is the function of ribosomes?

A

ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis

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Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

It’s studded with ribosomes and is involved in producing and transporting proteins

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Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

It’s the powerhouse of the cell, produces energy in the form of ATP by carrying out aerobic respiration

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Q

What is the function of vesicles?

A

Vesicles are used to transport substances within cells

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Q

A very metabolically active cell is likely to have lots of which type of organelle?

A

mitochondria as they produce energy through aerobic respiration

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Q

What types of cells have rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria?

A

almost all cells except prokaryotic cells like bacteria

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Q

State 6 parts of a plant cell visible under a light microscope

A

nucleus 
cytoplasm
chloroplasts
vacuoles
cell wall
cell membrane

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Q

State 2 functions of the nucleus

A

controls the cell

contains genetic material- found in the form of chromosomes

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Q

State the function of the cytoplasm

A

It’s where most of the cell’s chemical reactions take place

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Q

State the function of ribosomes

A

They are the site of protein synthesis

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Q

State 3 organelles only found in plant cells

A

Cellulose cell wall
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplasts

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Q

What is the function of the cell wall and what is it made of?

A

provides strength and support, it is made of cellulose

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Q

What is the function of the permanent vacuole and what does it contain?

A

It supports the cell and contains cell sap

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Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

They are the site of photosynthesis

Q

What is the function of the ciliated cells?

A

The move away dirt and debris up the throat where it can be swallowed

Q

How are ciliated cells adapted to their function?

A

Small cilia that line the surface can waft back and forwards

the cilia are long and thin so lots of them can waft at the same time

Q

What is the function of root hair cells?

A

to take up minerals and water needed by the plant

Q

How are root hair cells adapted to their function?

A

They have lots of mitochondria to provide energy for active transport

They have a long extension to maximize the surface area available for uptake

Q

What is the function of xylem vessels?

A

To transport water from the roots to the shoots and to support the plant

Q

How are xylem vessels adapted to their function

A

Waterproofed and strengthen with a substance called lignin
small diameter so a continuous column of water is maintained
dead cells without organelles so that the flow of water is not interrupted