Cells Flashcards
State 4 parts of animal cells visible under the microscope?
nucleus
cytoplasm
cell membrane
State 4 additional features of eukaryotic cells that are not visible under the microscope
ribosomes
mitochondria
rough endoplasmic reticulum
vesicles
What is the function of ribosomes?
ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
It’s studded with ribosomes and is involved in producing and transporting proteins
What is the function of mitochondria?
It’s the powerhouse of the cell, produces energy in the form of ATP by carrying out aerobic respiration
What is the function of vesicles?
Vesicles are used to transport substances within cells
A very metabolically active cell is likely to have lots of which type of organelle?
mitochondria as they produce energy through aerobic respiration
What types of cells have rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria?
almost all cells except prokaryotic cells like bacteria
State 6 parts of a plant cell visible under a light microscope
nucleus cytoplasm chloroplasts vacuoles cell wall cell membrane
State 2 functions of the nucleus
controls the cell
contains genetic material- found in the form of chromosomes
State the function of the cytoplasm
It’s where most of the cell’s chemical reactions take place
State the function of ribosomes
They are the site of protein synthesis
State 3 organelles only found in plant cells
Cellulose cell wall
Permanent vacuole
Chloroplasts
What is the function of the cell wall and what is it made of?
provides strength and support, it is made of cellulose
What is the function of the permanent vacuole and what does it contain?
It supports the cell and contains cell sap
What is the function of chloroplasts?
They are the site of photosynthesis
What is the function of the ciliated cells?
The move away dirt and debris up the throat where it can be swallowed
How are ciliated cells adapted to their function?
Small cilia that line the surface can waft back and forwards
the cilia are long and thin so lots of them can waft at the same time
What is the function of root hair cells?
to take up minerals and water needed by the plant
How are root hair cells adapted to their function?
They have lots of mitochondria to provide energy for active transport
They have a long extension to maximize the surface area available for uptake
What is the function of xylem vessels?
To transport water from the roots to the shoots and to support the plant
How are xylem vessels adapted to their function
Waterproofed and strengthen with a substance called lignin
small diameter so a continuous column of water is maintained
dead cells without organelles so that the flow of water is not interrupted
