Cells Flashcards
How is magnification calculated?
Magnification = size of image/real object’s size
Define resolution
Resolution is the ability to distinguish between two different objects/points
Define magnification
Magnification is the amount that an image has been scaled up when looked through a lens.
If the size of an image is insert number and the size of the real object is insert a smaller number, how much would the magnification be? Use a calculator.
The magnification will be the size of the image divided by the size of the real object.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a light (optical)microscope
Advantages: Cheap to buy and operate Small and portable No control room needed Uses a beam of light
Disadvantages:
Lower resolution
Lower magnification
1 dimensional images
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using an electron microscope
Advantages:
Higher resolution
Higher magnification
2 or 3 dimensional images
Disadvantages:
Expensive
Large
Must be kept in a control room at special temperature/humidity
What three things are found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
Chloroplasts
Cell wall
Permanent vacuole
What are the 5 main parts of an animal cell?
Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes
What are mitochondria
They are the site of aerobic respiration and release energy for the cell
What do ribosomes do?
Produce protein
What are 3 differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Eukaryotes: Nucleus present Linear DNA No plasmids, flagella or sponge capsule Membrane bound organelles Mainly multicellular Much larger
Prokaryotes: No nucleus present Single DNA loop May have plasmids, flagella or sponge capsule No membrane bound organelles Unicellular Much smaller
What things have prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria and archaea
What things have eukaryotic cells?
Animals,plants, fungi and protista (algae)
How large (roughly) is a prokaryotic cell?
1 micrometer
What is the function of a nerve cell?
To carry electric impulses around the body
What is the function of a muscle cell?
To contract and relax to move bones
What is the function of a palisade cell? (Located in leaves)
To carry out photosynthesis
What is the function of a xylem cell?
To support the plant and carry water/minerals around the plant
What is the function of a phloem cell?
To support the plant and carry glucose around the plant
What is the function of a root hair cell?
To absorb minerals/water from the soil
