Cells 101 Flashcards
Function of cytoplasm
It’s a jelly like fluid of water and dissolved substances such as proteins. It is the site for cell activities
Function of cell membrane
It is responsible for controlling the substances that enter and leave the cells. It is referred to as being selectively permeable or partially permeable membrane
Function of cell wall
Made up of carbohydrates called cellulose. It protects and gives shape to the cell.
Function of vacuole
Contains and stores a fluid called cell sap and is surrounded by a membrane called tonoplast
Function of mitochondria
This is where respiration takes place to release energy for the cell and organism. The mitochondria is also known as the power house of the cell
Function of ribosomes
This is where proteins are manufactured or synthesized.
Function of endoplasmic reticulum
It is a microscopic membrane used for the transportation of substances within the cytoplasm. There are two types
1. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
2. Rough endoplasmic reticulum
The rough er has ribosomes on it’s surface and it transports proteins.
The smooth er has no ribosomes on it’s surface and transports lipids
Function of Golgi bodies
These modify and carry proteins such as enzymes from the site of synthesis to the site of reaction.
In plants, they help in the formation of cell walls.
Metabolism and metabolic reactions
This is the sum total of chemical reactions that take place inside a living cell.
Anabolic reactions
These are metabolic reactions where large and complex molecules are built or synthesized from small and simple molecules eg build up of glucose from water and carbon dioxide in photosynthesis
Catabolic reactions
These are metabolic reactions where large complex molecules are broken down to simple molecules eg breakdown of glucose to water and carbon dioxide
