Cell Transport Flashcards
Small molecules move in and out of cells via
Diffusion
Movement of molecules against a concentration gradient requiring the help of a transporter and the expenditure of ATP
Active Transport
Allows certain substances to pass through while prohibiting others
Selectively permeable
These bulk, solid substances enter or leave the cell only if they are enclosed by vesicles
Endocytosis
These liquid substances or fluid droplets enter or leave the cell only if they are enclosed by vesicles
Pinocytosis
With water, diffusion across the membrane occurs by a process termed as?
Osmosis
Higher water concentration, Less negative or higher osmotic potential, and lower solute concentration
Hypotonic
Lower water concentration, More negative or lower osmotic potential, and higher solute concentration
Hypertonic
This is the measure of the tendency of a solution to gain water compared with pure water in an ideal system.
Osmotic Potential
The negative of osmotic potential. It is the hydrostatic pressure needed to decrease the tendency of water from entering a solution in an ideal system.
Osmotic Pressure
This solution has a stronger tendecy to gain water with respect to another solution that gains water to a lesser extent.
Hypertonic solution
This solution has a lower tendency to gain water with respect to the first solution
Hypotonic solution
If two solutions have exactly the same tendency to gain water
Isotonic Solution
In humans, this is an active mechanism in the kidneys for blood pressure regulation, in exchanges at capillary beds, and other water-related processes.
Osmosis
The movement of molecules from a region of greater concentration to lower concentration
Diffusion
The substance that is dissolved in a solution
Solute
Part of the cell that regulates the flow of substances
Plasma Membrane
Cell engulfing is an example of
Phagocytosis
In this solution, cells appear normal
Isotonic
Cells appear shriveled or shrinking
Hypertonic solution
Cells swell and eventually burst
Hypotonic solution
protein free plasma moves across capillary walls
Filtration
No cell energy is needed. Molecules move down a concentration gradient.
Simple diffusion
A type of endocytosis in which a cell engulfs large particles or whole cells
Phagocytosis
Extracellular molecules bind with receptor proteins on the plasma membrane, causing it to invaginate and draw molecules into the cell
Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Bulk movement of a material out of a cell. Reverse of endocytosis
Exocytosis
Carrier transport proteins in a plasma membrane temporarily bind with molecules and help them pass across the membrane.
Facilitated diffusion
