Cell Transport Flashcards
What term describes the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
active transport
What term describes a solution or the environment outside the cell when it has a higher concentration of dissolved materials than inside the cell.
hypertonic
During osmosis, which way will water move if the concentration of dissolved materials outside the cell is lower than the concentration of dissolved materials inside the cell?
Water moves into the cell, causing it to swell.
During osmosis, which way will water move if the concentration of dissolved materials outside the cell is greater than the concentration of dissolved materials inside the cell?
Water will move out of the cell, causing it to shrink.
What term describes the movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
diffusion
What is the state in which the concerntrations of the diffusing molecules are the same or become equal?
equilibrium
Does diffusion require energy?
No. It is a form of passive transport.
What general term describes the movement of materials across the cell membrane without energy?
passive transport
Are the “heads” of the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the cell membrane hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
hydrophilic
Do carrier proteins require energy to move materials across the cell membrane?
No. The movement of materials across the cell membrane using carrier proteins move across is a form of facilitative diffusion. All forms of diffusion are passive transport and no energy is needed.
Which requires energy, active transport or passive transport?
active transport
In which type of diffusion is assistance by a transport protein required?
facilitative diffusion
Are the “tails” of the phospholipid bilayer that makes up the cell membrane hydrophilic or hydrophobic?
hydrophobic
Is facilitative diffusion a form of active transport or passive transport?
It is passive transport. All forms of diffusion are passive because no energy is needed.
What term describes the characteristic of the cell membrane meaning that only certain materials are allowed to pass through?
semipermeable
(a.k.a. selectively permeable)
What is the main job of the cell membrane?
The main job of the cell membrane is to control the movement of materials into and out of the cell.
What term means “water loving?”
hydrophilic
What type of protein assists with diffusion by carrying a molecule across the cell membrane?
carrier protein
How many layers of phospholipids make up the cell membrane?
Two – it is called a phospholipid bilayer. (Bi means two.)
What term means “water hating?”
hydrophobic
What term is used to describe the diffusion of water?
osmosis
What is another name for the lipid barrier that surrounds the cell that is also known as the plasma membrane?
cell membrane
Is osmosis a form of active transport or passive transport?
It is passive transport. All forms of diffusion are passive because no energy is needed.
Do channel proteins require energy to move materials across the cell membrane?
No. The movement of materials across the cell membrane using channel proteins move across is a form of facilitative diffusion. All forms of diffusion are passive transport and no energy is needed.
What type of protein assists with diffusion by creating a passageway for a molecule to move across the cell membrane?
channel protein
What term describes a solution or the environment outside the cell that has an equal concentration of dissolved materials compared to the concentration of dissolved materials inside the cell.
isotonic
What term describes a solution or the environment outside the cell when it has a lower concentration of dissolved materials than inside the cell.
hypotonic
