Cell transport

Question 1

Active transport

Answer 1

The movement of particles AGAINST its concentration gradient, REQUIRES ATP (energy).

Question 2

Cell Membrane

Answer 2

Organelle that surrounds the cell and controls what goes in and out.

Question 3

Concentration gradient

Answer 3

A difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance.

Question 4

Endocytosis

Answer 4

Process by which a cell takes in a substance by surrounding it with the cell membrane; requires ATP (energy).

Question 5

Exocytosis

Answer 5

Release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane; requires ATP (energy).

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 6

The movement of molecules across a membrane with the help of PROTEINS, needs NO ENERGY; type of passive transport.

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

Maintaining balance or equilibrium inside the cell.

Question 8

Hydrophilic

Answer 8

Water-loving; part of the lipid bilayer that faces outward.

Question 9

Hydrophobic

Answer 9

Water-fearing; part of the lipid bilayer that faces inward.

Question 10

Hypertonic

Answer 10

Describes a solution whose concentration is HIGHER than the concentration inside a cell; water will move OUT of the cell and it will shrink and shrivel.

Question 11

Hypotonic

Answer 11

Describes a solution whose concentration is LOWER than the concentration inside a cell; water will move INTO the cell and it will swell and burst.

Question 12

Indicator

Answer 12

Chemical compound that is added to a solution so that the pH (acidity or alkalinity) of the solution can be determined easily; usually causes a color change when the pH changes.

Question 13

Isotonic

Answer 13

Describes a solution whose concentration is equal to the concentration inside a cell.

Question 14

Lipid

Answer 14

Biomolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane.

Question 15

Osmosis

Answer 15

The movement of water across a membrane from high to low concentration; needs NO ENERGY; type of passive transport.

Question 16

Passive transport

Answer 16

The movement of particles WITHOUT the need of energy; molecules move down the concentration gradient from high to low.

Question 17

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer 17

Plasma membrane layers composed of phospholipid molecules arranged with polar heads facing the outside and nonpolar tails facing the inside.

Question 18

Protein

Answer 18

An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells.

Question 19

Protein channels and pumps

Answer 19

Components of the cell membrane that help transport materials in or out of the cell.