Cell Theory Flashcards
What are eukaryotic cells?
Cells with a nucleus and organelles
Ex. Plant cells, animal cells, fungi
What is the cell theory?
- All living things are made of cells
- Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
- All cells come from pre-existing cells
What are prokaryotic cells?
No nucleus or organelles
Ex. Bacteria, archaea, amoeba
Define nucleus
Brain of the cell, contains DNA and chromosomes
Define chromosome:
Genetic information that gets passed on
Define endoplasmic reticulum:
Site of protein and lipid synthesis
Define ribosomes:
Make proteins, located on the rough ER
Define mitochondria:
Makes energy
Define chloroplasts
Site of photosynthesis
Define cell wall:
Gives support and structure on plants
Define cell membrane:
Gives shape and determine what goes in/out of a cell
Define lysosomes:
Break down things
Define vacuole:
Store things
What is active transport?
Movement of materials against a concentration difference
What does cancer do to cells?
Makes the cell not respond to the stopping mechanism at the checkpoint so the cell divides faster than usual which overloads the cell
Who was the first person to see living cells with a microscope?
Van Leeuwenhoek
What are the parts of a cell membrane?
Carbohydrate bilayer, protein channels, lipid markers
What is condensed DNA called?
Chromosomes
Cancer is defined by…?
Uncontrollable cell growth
What is it called when cancer spreads from one part of the body to another?
Metastasis
What did Hooke discover?
Simple microscope, cellulae
What did Schleiden discover?
All plants composed of cells
What did Schwann discover?
Animal tissue composed of cells
What did Virchow discover?
All cells from the division of existing cells
