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Biology > Cell Theory > Flashcards

Cell Theory Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What are eukaryotic cells?

A

Cells with a nucleus and organelles

Ex. Plant cells, animal cells, fungi

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1
Q

What is the cell theory?

A
  1. All living things are made of cells
  2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things
  3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
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2
Q

What are prokaryotic cells?

A

No nucleus or organelles

Ex. Bacteria, archaea, amoeba

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3
Q

Define nucleus

A

Brain of the cell, contains DNA and chromosomes

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4
Q

Define chromosome:

A

Genetic information that gets passed on

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5
Q

Define endoplasmic reticulum:

A

Site of protein and lipid synthesis

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6
Q

Define ribosomes:

A

Make proteins, located on the rough ER

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7
Q

Define mitochondria:

A

Makes energy

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8
Q

Define chloroplasts

A

Site of photosynthesis

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9
Q

Define cell wall:

A

Gives support and structure on plants

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10
Q

Define cell membrane:

A

Gives shape and determine what goes in/out of a cell

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11
Q

Define lysosomes:

A

Break down things

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12
Q

Define vacuole:

A

Store things

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13
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of materials against a concentration difference

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14
Q

What does cancer do to cells?

A

Makes the cell not respond to the stopping mechanism at the checkpoint so the cell divides faster than usual which overloads the cell

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15
Q

Who was the first person to see living cells with a microscope?

A

Van Leeuwenhoek

16
Q

What are the parts of a cell membrane?

A

Carbohydrate bilayer, protein channels, lipid markers

17
Q

What is condensed DNA called?

A

Chromosomes

18
Q

Cancer is defined by…?

A

Uncontrollable cell growth

19
Q

What is it called when cancer spreads from one part of the body to another?

A

Metastasis

20
Q

What did Hooke discover?

A

Simple microscope, cellulae

21
Q

What did Schleiden discover?

A

All plants composed of cells

22
Q

What did Schwann discover?

A

Animal tissue composed of cells

23
Q

What did Virchow discover?

A

All cells from the division of existing cells

24
Q

What is diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration

25
Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Movement of molecules through protein channels to transport across a membrane

26
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Passive transport of water, no energy needed

27
Q

What is active transport?

A

Movement of materials against a concentration difference

Biology (5 decks)

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