Cell Theory Flashcards
Cell
The basic unit of life.
Robert Hooke
The first scientist to see and name cells.
What invention made it possible to discover cells?
Microscope
Cell Theory
- All living things are made of cells.
- Cells are the basic units of life.
- All cells come from pre-existing cells.
Theodor Schwann
The scientist who concluded that all animals are made of cells
Matthias Schleiden
The scientist who concluded that all plants are made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow
He proposed that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Eukaryotic Cells
They make up plants, animals, fungi, and more. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus with DNA and organelles that help them function.
Prokaryotic Cells
Bacteria are prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells are simple cells without a nucleus. Their DNA floats inside, and they don’t have many parts like eukaryotic cells.
Multicellular
Multicellular means having many cells that work together, like in humans, animals, and plants.
Unicellular
Unicellular means having only one cell that does everything, like bacteria, amoebas, and yeast.
Organelles
Organelles are tiny parts inside a cell that each have a special job, like the nucleus (control center) and mitochondria (energy maker). They help the cell function, just like organs help our body.
Nucleus
Part of the cell that directs cell activities and contains genetic information stored in DNA.
Cell Membrane
A flexible covering that protects the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
Mitochondria
Small parts inside cells that use oxygen and food to make ATP, which is the energy the cell needs to work. (The “powerhouse” of the cell)
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance inside a cell that holds all its parts in place and is where many of its chemical reactions take place.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes make proteins. They follow instructions to put together small building blocks called amino acids, creating proteins that do important jobs in the cell.
Cell Wall
A cell wall is a strong, outer layer found in plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria. It gives the cell shape, support, and protection.
Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are green organelles found in plant cells. They help make food through photosynthesis by containing chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color and helps turn sunlight into energy.
Macromolecules
Macromolecules are large molecules that are important for life. There are four main types:
1️⃣ Carbohydrates – Provide energy (like sugar and starch). 🍞🍎
2️⃣ Proteins – Build and repair cells (found in meat, eggs, and beans). 💪🥚
3️⃣ Lipids (Fats) – Store energy and make cell membranes (like oils and butter). 🧈🥑
4️⃣ Nucleic Acids – Carry genetic information (DNA & RNA). 🧬
