Cell Structures And Their Functions

Question 1

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 1

PROKARYOTIC CELLS
EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Question 2

-A type of cell that has a relatively simple organization.
-It is Microscopic, measuring from 1 to 10 um in diameter.
-Derived from the word pro and karyon which means “before” and “kernel”.
-Describes cells that already exist before the evolution of the cell “nucleus”.
-Does not have a membrane bound nucleus and organelles are also not membrane-bound

Answer 2

Prokaryotic Cells

Question 3

There are two groups on bacteria in terms of evolution, the _________ and the ________. Both of these groups are prokaryotic.

Answer 3

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

Question 4

Give me the 10 parts of the PROKARYOTIC CELL

Answer 4

Glycocalyx
Cell Wall
Plasma membrane
Plasmid
Nucleoid
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Pilus (plural, pili)
Flagellum
Fimbriae

Question 5

An outer layer that provides protection. It is an important virulence factor since it protects disease-causing bacteria. It helps bacteria hold on to surfaces and protects them from being engulfed by macrophages. It may exist as a rigid capsule or a more unstructured slime layer.

Answer 5

Glycocalx

Question 6

A structure that confers rigidity and shape to the cell. It is found outside of the plasma membrane and is composed of “peptidoglycan”.

Answer 6

Cell Wall

Question 7

A structure that prevents the loss of water and electrolytes inside the cell. It also prevents the entry of unwanted substances into the cell. It is composed of “phospholipid bilayer”

Answer 7

Plasma membrane

Question 8

A small, circular, extrachromosomal DNA molecule found in the cytoplasm. It is separated from chromosomal DNA.

Answer 8

Plasmid

Question 9

The region where DNA is concentrated.

Answer 9

Nucleoid

Question 10

The whole inside region of the cell where chromosomes, ribosomes and other cellular inclusions are suspended.

Answer 10

Cytoplasm

Question 11

The site where proteins are synthesized or created.

Answer 11

Ribosome

Question 12

A short, hairlike appendage on the surface of some bacteria. It helps bacteria adhere to the surfaces of host cells. It can also be used to transfer genetic material from one bacterium to another, in which case it is called sex pilus

Answer 12

Pilus (Plural, Pili)

Question 13

A long, threadlike structure that facilitates movement in bacteria

Answer 13

Flagellum (plural,flagella)

Question 14

Bristle-like fibers that are shorter than pili. It is primarily used for bacterial attachment to tissue surfaces

Answer 14

Fimbria

Question 15

State again the Parts of a Prokaryotic Cell (10)

Answer 15

Glycocalyx
Cell Wall
Plasma Membrane
Plasmid
Nucleoid
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Pilus (plural, pili)
Flagellum (plural, flagella)
Fimbriae

Question 16

-A TYPE OF CELL that is more complex and bigger than prokaryotic cells.
-measures 10 to 100 μm in diameter.
-These cells have components that are surrounded by membranes which are called organelles. The nucleus, the largest cell organelle, encloses the genetic material and is suspended in the cytoplasm.
-The most distinguishing feature of this type of cell is compartmentalization,which is achieved by the endomembrane system that occupies the interior of the cell, including the membrane- bound organelles.
-Examples of these type of cells are those that come from animals, plants, protists, and fungi.

Answer 16

Eukaryotic Cell

Question 17

What are the three main parts of every cell that varies in many aspects including size, shapes and complexity

Answer 17

NUCLEUS
CYTOPLASM
CELL MEMBRANE