Cell Structures Flashcards
What are sub-cellular structures ?
Structures inside cells
What is the function of the nucleus
Controls the activities of the cell and contains genetic material
What is the function of the cytoplasm ?
The cytoplasm is where most of the chemical reactions take place
What is the function of the cell membrane
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of cells (animal cells)
What is the function of mitochondria?
The mitochondria is where aerobic respiration takes place
What is the function of ribosomes?
The ribosome is where proteins are synthesised (made)
What are cell walls made out of and what is their function?
The cell wall is made out of cellulose and strengthens the cell
What is the vacuole and what is it’s function?
A vacuole is filled with cell sap which supports the plant
What is the function of chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are Made of chlorophyll which absorb light to make glucose by photosynthesis
What are the 2 main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic
What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells ?
-the genetic material is not enclosed in the nucleus
-the genetic material is a single dna loop and there may be one or more small rings of dna(plasmids)
They do not contain mitochondria
What are the typical parts of the bacteria cell?
-plasmid dna
-chromosomal dna
-flagella
-cell wall
-Cytoplasm
What is plasmid dna ?
A section of dna that can replicate independently of the chromosomal dna
What is Chromosomal dna ?
The dna of bacteria that is not found within the nucleus and is usually found as one long looped chromosome
What is the flagella
The flagella are tail like structures that rotate to help bacteria move
