Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Mr forster > cell structure in eukaryotes > Flashcards

cell structure in eukaryotes Flashcards

1
Q

what is the cytosol

A

liquid component of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the cytoplasm

A

liquid/organelles/molecules in the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the structure of the nucleus

A

-double membrane
-RNA move through nuclear pores
-chromatin
-nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the chromatin

A

consist of DNA and histones scattered in the nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the nucleolus

A

consist of DNA, RNA, Proteins
-is dense region where ribosomes synthesised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the function of the nucleus

A

-control cell functions via DNA transcription
-controlling gene expression
-protein synthesis and ribosome production
-storing DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

structure of the cell surface membrane

A

-Phospholipid bilayer
-phosphate head=hydrophilic
-fatty tail=hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

functions of cell surface membrane

A

-entry and exit of substances
-partially permeable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

structure of mitochondria

A

-has inner and outer membrane.
-inner membrane high surface area.
-folded to form cristae
-own DNA to synthesis specific enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

function of mitochondria

A

aerobic respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

structure of ribosome

A

-2 protein subunits
-1 large subunit
-1 small subunit
-often associated with RER but can be free in cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

structure of golgi complex

A

-comprise golgi apparatus, 7 vesicles
-golgi apparatus membrane bound,fluid filled structure
-vesicles detached fluid filled pockets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

function of the golgi complex

A

-process/package proteins and lipids
-proteins and lipids stored in vesicles to be transported out of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

structure of lysosome

A

-type of vesicle
-enzymes such as lysosome which breaks apart molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

function of lysosome

A

-digest invading cells, old cell parts and complex bio molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

A

-ribosomes attach along outer surface
-large surface area increase rate of protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)

A

protein synthesis to assemble amino acids into polypeptides, then fold to give 3D structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

A

-network of long,thin cisternae
-high surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)

A

synthesis/modification of lipids

20
Q

why might lipids have to be synthesised

A

e.g produce phospholipids for membranes

21
Q

structure of permanent cell vacuole

A

-membrane bound pocket of cell sap
-membrane called tonoplast

22
Q

function of permanent cell vacuole

A

-maintain osmotic pressure in cell
-store unwanted cell sap

23
Q

Structure of cell wall

A

-Rigid, provide definite structure to cell
-permeable
-plants and algae made of cellulose

24
Q

are permanent cell vacuoles found in animals

A

no they are only found in plants

25
Q

What structure do chloroplasts contain

A

discs called thylakoids

26
Q

what is the gel like stroma in chloroplast surrounded by

A

a double membrane

27
Q

what do the thylakoids contain

A

light absorbing pigments

28
Q

when stacked what do thylakoids form

A

grana

29
Q

what are thylakoids linked by

A

membranes called lamella

30
Q

what is the function of chloroplasts

A

photosynthesis

31
Q

what is the structure of a vesicle

A

membrane filled sac

32
Q

what is the function of the vesicle

A

storage/transport of substances

33
Q

what are fungi cell wall walls made of

A

made of chitin

34
Q

what are bacteria cell walls made of

A

peptidoglycan

35
Q

what are cilia

A

hair like structures found on surface membrane of some animal cells

36
Q

what does the cross section of cilia show

A

outer membrane and ring of 9 pairs of protein microtubules,
single pair of microtubules in middle

37
Q

what arangment is formed in cilia

A

9+2

38
Q

what do microtubules allow cilia to do

A

allows them to move

39
Q

why is movement important to cilia

A

cilia can push substances along cell surfaces

40
Q

what is the structure of undulipodia (Flagellum)

A

is very similar to cilia but longer

41
Q

how does the Flagellum move

A

microtubules contract which moves flagellum

42
Q

what does centrioles consist of

A

2 bundles of microtubules at right angles to each other

43
Q

what do centrioles do during cell division

A

help with separation of chromosomes during division

44
Q

what do centrioles help form

A

cilia and undulipodia

45
Q

where are centrioles commonly found

A

in animal cells and rarely in plant cells

46
Q

what does the cytoskeleton consist of

A

microfilaments (very thin)
microtubules (cylindrical)

47
Q

what does the cytoskeleton do

A

aid in transport and hold organelles in place

Mr forster (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions