Cell Structure & Function// UNIT 7

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

The smallest unit of life

Question 2

organelles

Answer 2

Specialized subunits of a cell that have specific jobs

Question 3

prokaryotes

Answer 3

Cells that do not have a nucleus (bacteria, archaea)

Question 4

eukaryotes

Answer 4

Cells that have a nucleus (plants, animals, fungi)

Question 5

cytoplasm

Answer 5

the fluid inside the cell membrane that contains all organelles

Question 6

pili

Answer 6

Tiny hairs on prokaryotes that help cell move and reproduce.

Question 7

ribosomes

Answer 7

Round structures where proteins are made

Question 8

flagellum

Answer 8

Tail-like structure that aids in mobility

Question 9

nucleus

Answer 9

Contains the genetic material of the cell as well as the nucleolus.

Question 10

nucleolus

Answer 10

Structure inside the nucleus that manufactures ribosomes, the cell’s protein-producing structures.

Question 11

nuclear envelope

Answer 11

Double-layered membrane that encloses the contents of the nucleus during most of the cell’s life cycle.

Question 12

nuclear pores

Answer 12

Small holes within the nuclear envelope that regulate the passage of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm

Question 13

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 13

A transport system that extends from the nucleus and Moves materials around the cell. (Can be smooth or rough depending on if it contains ribosomes.)

Question 14

smooth ER

Answer 14

Contains no ribosomes and helps detoxify the cell and create lipids.

Question 15

rough ER

Answer 15

Studded with ribosomes…aid in protein production and transport

Question 16

Golgi Apparatus

Answer 16

Does not make anything but prepare materials for shipment outside the cell by packaging them into vesicles

Question 17

vacuoles

Answer 17

Single membranes that form around solid or liquid contents and holds materials until needed later.

Question 18

Lysosomes

Answer 18

Produce chemicals that digests wastes and worn-out cell parts.

Question 19

Chloroplasts

Answer 19

Organelles found in plant cells that use energy from the sun to make food.

Question 20

mitochondria

Answer 20

“Powerhouse of the cell” that supplies energy to power all of the cell’s functions.

Question 21

cell wall

Answer 21

Surrounding structure that adds support and protection for plant cells only.

Question 22

cell membrane

Answer 22

Maintains the cell’s limits or boundaries in both plant and animal cells by controlling what goes into and out of the cell.