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Cell Structure and Function > Cell Structure - Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Cell Structure - Chapter 6 Flashcards

0
Q

Capsule (slime layer)

A

Outside of cell wall. Can be used to evade the immune system.

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1
Q

Nucleoid Region

A

Stores circular piece of DNA

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2
Q

Glycocalyx

A

Polysaccharide layer (slime) to evade immune system

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3
Q

Pili

A

Protrude from cell wall

Used to attach to things.

Can transfer DNA information

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4
Q

Prokaryotic flagella

A

Used for movement so swim around

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5
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis

Make proteins

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

Double membrane
Smooth with pores
Extends to form endoplasmic reticulum
Houses DNA

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7
Q

Mitochondria

A

Double membrane
Outer: smooth, inner: folded
Cellular respiration; makes ATP

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8
Q

Nucleolus

A

Not an organelle.
No membrane
Scaffolding of proteins where ribosomes are made/partially assembled. rRNA synthesized

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9
Q

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

A

Single membrane
Highly folded-cisternae (sacs)
Pores. Attached to nucleus and SER and ribosomes
Synthesis of bound ribosomes

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10
Q

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

A

Single membrane
Highly folded
Attached to RER and nucleus
Site for lipid synthesis and detoxification

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11
Q

Golgi Apparatus

A

Single membrane
Folded - cisternae
Synthesis, modification, sorting, ad secretion of cell products
Packages proteins for export

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12
Q

Lysosomes

A

Single membrane
Digestive organelle
Take in food particles, bacteria, or worn out organelles to be disassembled. Empty contents into food vacuole

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13
Q

Peroxisome

A

Similar to lysosomes
Breaking down long chain fatty acids and other amino acids through oxidation reactions.
Packaged from RER

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14
Q

Food vacuole

A

Get contents from lysosomes

Break down food into smaller particles to be recycled or removed from the cell

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15
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

Double membrane
Pores
Continuous with ER
Information conveyed through pores

16
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Reinforces and maintains shape
Functions in cell movement
Made up of proteins
-micro filaments, micro tubules

17
Q

Chloroplast

A 
Double membrane (looks like 3)
Site of photosynthesis to make carbohydrates
18
Q

Central vacuole

A

Designed to store water
Maintain structure of plant cell
Outward pressure maintains turgidity to expose themselves for photosynthesis

19
Q

Apoptosis and lysosomes

A

Programmed cell death

Lysosomes aid in cell death by engulfing organelles and other materials for destruction

20
Q

Micro villi

A

Folds that aid in the absorption of nutrients

21
Q

Cisternae

A

Folded sacs that are created by the folding of a membrane

Found in RER, processing of proteins occur here

Cell Structure and Function (2 decks)

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