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Biology <3 > Cell structure and Transport > Flashcards

Cell structure and Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following are eukaryotes? (2)

Animals
Bacteria
Plants

A

Animals

Plants

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2
Q

The _________ contains the cell’s genetic material (in the form of DNA), and so controls the cell’s activities.

Mitochondria
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

The _______ are where proteins are made. We sometimes call them the site of protein synthesis.

A

Ribosomes

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4
Q

What is ‘cytoplasm’?

An organelle that makes proteins

A jelly-like material containing nutrients and salts, where chemical reactions take place

An organelle that controls what passes in and out of the cell

The site of photosynthesis

A

A jelly-like material containing nutrients and salts, where chemical reactions take place

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5
Q

What is the role of the mitochondria?

A

Mitochondria are the site of aerobic respiration, so they release energy for the cell.

(Aerobic respiration)

(Release energy for the cell to use)

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6
Q

Which of the following are found in plant cells, but not in animals cells? (3)

Nucleus
Cell wall
Cell membrane 
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Ribosomes
A

Cell wall

Vacuole

Chloroplast

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7
Q

Chloroplasts carry out the process of _____, which involves using light energy from the ___
to make glucose. The green pigment that absorbs the light energy is called ______. This is what makes plants green.

A

photosynthesis
sun
chlorophyll

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8
Q

The _____ is a large sac in the middle of the cell that contains a watery solution of sugars and salts (cell sap). It helps maintain the structure and shape of the cell.

A

vacuole

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9
Q

The ___________ is made of cellulose. This makes it strong and allows it to maintain the shape of the cell.

A

Cell wall

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10
Q

True or false? Bacteria have both a cell membrane and a cell wall.

A

true

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11
Q

Are bacteria multicellular or unicellular?

A

unicellular

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12
Q

Diffusion is the net movement of particles from an area of _____ concentration to an area of _____ concentration.

A

high

low

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13
Q

True or false? If molecules are left alone they’ll move around randomly? Why?

A

True

Molecules have kinetic energy which means that they’ll constantly be moving.

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14
Q

In which of the following states can molecules diffuse?

Solid
Liquid
Gas

A

liquid

gas

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15
Q

Cell membranes are said to be ‘partially permeable’. What does this mean?

No molecules can pass through the membrane

Only some molecules can pass through the membrane

Any molecule can pass through the membrane

A

Only some molecules can pass through the membrane

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16
Q

Which molecules are able to diffuse into and out of cells? (3)

Water
Proteins 
Glucose
Amino acids
Starch
A

amino acids
glucose
water

17
Q

List three factors that affect the rate of diffusion

A

Temperature
Surface area
Concentration gradient
Distance to diffuse

18
Q

Osmosis is the ___ movement of water molecules across a ______ permeable membrane, from a region of ____ water concentration, to a region of ___ water concentration.

A

net
partially
high
low

19
Q

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a membrane, from a region of _____ concentration to a region of ___ concentration. This requires ___ from respiration.

A

low
high
energy

20
Q

Is active transport a passive or active process? Why?

A

active, it works against the concentration gradient, and needs energy to do so.

21
Q

True or false? Active transport can only take place across a membrane.

A

true

22
Q

Which process provides the energy required for active transport?

Respiration
Tranlocation
Photosynthesis
Homeostasis

A

respiration

23
Q

Where do plants absorb mineral ions from?

Air
Bacteria
Soil

A

soil

24
Q

Why can’t plants absorb mineral ions by diffusion?

Mineral ions are too large

Mineral ions are charged

Their concentration is higher in the cell than in the soil

A

Their concentration is higher in the cell than in the soil

25
Q

Which cells in the plant are adapted to absorb mineral ions?

Palisade mesophyll cells
Root hair cells
Xylem cells

A

Root hair cells

26
Q

Other than mineral ions, which other molecule do root hair cells absorb?

Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Water

A

water

Biology <3 (1 decks)

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