cell structure and transport

Question 1

nucleus function

Answer 1

contains genetic material that controls activities of the cell

Question 2

cytoplasm

Answer 2

a gel like substance where most of the chemical reactions contains enzymes that control these reactions

Question 3

cell membrane

Answer 3

holds the cell together and controls what goes in and out

Question 4

mitochondria

Answer 4

where most of the reactions for aerobic respiration takes place respiration transfers energy the cell needs to work

Question 5

ribosomes

Answer 5

where proteins are made in the cell

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

rigid structure made up of cellulose it supports and strengthens the cell

Question 7

permanent vacuole

Answer 7

contains cell sap a weak solution of sugars salts and water that the if the cell needs it can use

Question 8

chloroplasts

Answer 8

where photosynthesis occurs which makes food for the plant, contains chlorophyll which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis
plants use the energy from the sun to make sugars like glucose and to keep with this chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs the light needed for photosynthesis

Question 9

specialised cell

Answer 9

a cell that performs a specific function

Question 10

what is diffrentiation

Answer 10

the process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job

Question 11

sperm cells

Answer 11

specialised for reproduction, function to get the male DNA to the female DNA
has a streamlined head to help it swim to the egg, there are lots of mitochondria in the cell to help it to do this, it also carries enzymes in it’s head to digest through the egg cell membrane

Question 12

nerve cells

Answer 12

specialised for rapid signalling, function of the nerve cells is to carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
long to cover a large distance and branched to form a network of connections at their ends to connect to other nerve cells
in animals

Question 13

muscle cells

Answer 13

specialised for contraction, function of the muscle cell is to get it to contract quickly. the cells are long so they have space to contract and they have lots of mitochondria to transfer the energy needed for contraction

Question 14

root hair cells in plants

Answer 14

cells on the surface of plant roots are specialised for absorbing water and minerals
they grow long hairs that stick into soil- gives the plant a large surface area for absorbing water and minerals from the soil

Question 15

diffusion

Answer 15

the spreading out of particles from an area of a higher concentration to an area of a lower concentration doesn’t require energy

Question 16

what substances can diffuse

Answer 16

only very small molecules can diffuse through cell membranes (amino acids+water)
big molecules like starch+ proteins can’t fit through the membrane
dissolves substances can move in and out of the cell by diffusion

Question 17

rate of diffusion

Answer 17

temp- higher temp means higher rate of diffusion- the particles have more energy to move around faster
surface area- larger surface area means higher rate of diffusion as more particles can pass through at once

Question 18

osmosis