cell structure and transport Flashcards
how do you calculate the magnification of a microscope?
To calculate the magnification of a microscope you have to multiply the magnification power of the ocular lens by the power of the objective lens.
how do you convert micro meters into nm?
you multiply by 1000.
How do you convert mm into micro meters?
You multiply by 1000.
How do you calculate the size of the real object from a microscope?
Actual size= Image size(with ruler) divided by magnification. this is how to calculate the actual size.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using an electron microscope?
Some advantages are an electron microscope has a very high magnification and resolution. Some disadvantages is that they are very expensive and take up one whole room for just one.
What are the 5 main organelles of an animal cell?
Nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria, cytoplasm, ribosomes
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a light microscope?
some advantages of using a light microscope is that it’s easy to use and also anyone can use it . Disadvantages are it’s got a much lower magnification and resolution than an electron microscope.
What is the function of he nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria and ribosomes?
nucleus=The nucleus job is to control the activities of the cell and carries the genes.
Ribosomes= carries out protein synthesis.
cell membrane= Protect and organise the cells.
Mitochondria= Is responsible for most of the atp in the cell.
Cytoplasm= Where most chemical reactions take place.
What is the function of the cell wall, chloroplast and the permanent vacuole?
Permanent vacuole=is filled with cell sap to keep the cell turgid.
cell wall=It provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress.
Chloroplast=Allows plants to capture energy from sun in energy rich molecules.
What type of cells are classified as eukaryotes?
Plant and animal cells.
What type of cells are classified as prokaryotic?
Bacteria and archaea.
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules from an area where they are at a higher concentration to areas where they are at a lower concentration.
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus and prokaryotic cells don’t.
What is osmosis?
osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell’s partially permeable membrane.
What is osmosis?
osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell’s partially permeable membrane.
What is plasmolysis?
Plasmolysis is the contraction of the protoplast of a plant cell as a result of loss of water from the cell.
How many orders of magnitudes are there between DNA and prokaryotic cell?
2
Explain how nerve cells are adapted to
carry electrical impulses around the body
Lots if dendrites to make connections
Myelin sheath for insulation when carrying electrical
impulses
Contains lots of mitochondria to release energy needed
to make transmitter chemicals.
Explain how cells are adapted to increase
the rate of diffusion
An increased surface area.
Explain how sperm cells are adapted to
fertilise an egg cell
Long tail to move quickly. Lots of mitochondria in the middle section to release
energy to move the tail
What do the terms isotonic, hypertonic
and hypotonic mean?
Isotonic-Concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell is the same.
Hypertonic-There is a higher concentration of solutes .
Hypotonic-There is a lower concentration of solutes.
Where does the energy for active
transport come from?
The energy is released from respiration.
Which cell organelle will be needed for
active transport to occur?
Mitochondria
