Cell Structure And Organelles Roles

Question 1

Nucleus

Answer 1

Central control centre of the cell
Responsible for managing the cells genetic material

Question 2

Mitochondrion

Answer 2

• produce energy through cellular respiration
  This converts the energy stored in food into a form that can be used by the cell

Question 3

Smooth ER

Answer 3

helps synthesize and concentrate various substances needed by the cell.

Question 4

Rough ER

Answer 4

many roles in protein synthesis, which also include post-translational modifications, folding, and sorting.

Question 5

Golgi apparatus

Answer 5

• transporting, modifying and packaging proteins and lipids into vesicles for delivery to targeted destinations

Question 6

Ribosomes

Answer 6

• receive info from the DNA in the form of a messenger RNA
• They read the messenger RNA and then use the instructions stored in it to make a protein

Question 7

Lysosome

Answer 7

• the digestive system of the cell
• degrades material taken up from outside the cell to digest obsolete components of the cell itself

Question 8

Cell surface membrane

Answer 8

• acts as a selective barrier allowing only certain substances such as oxygen and nutrients to enter the cell whilst keeping other substances out

Question 9

Cell wall

Answer 9

• provides structural strength and support, and also provides a semi-permeable surface for molecules to pass in and out of the cell

Question 10

Chloroplast

Answer 10

Absorbs light energy and converts it into chemical energy

Contains chlorophyll which functions by trapping the solar energy and is used for the synthesis of food.

Question 11

Vacuole

Answer 11

Maintains pressure by pushing the cytoplasm against the cell wall which helps keep the plant cell turgid and prevents it from wilting