Cell Structure and Infectious Cells

Question 1

Allows material to enter or exit the cell & protects the contents of the cell

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

Control center of the cell

Answer 2

nucleus

Question 3

Transport materials & proteins around the cell

Answer 3

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 4

Builds proteins in the cell

Answer 4

ribosomes

Question 5

Provides energy for the cell by breaking down sugar molecules in cellular respiration

Answer 5

mitochondria

Question 6

Provides food for a plant cell by collecting energy from the sun during photosynthesis

Answer 6

chloroplast

Question 7

Rigid material that surrounds a plant cell that gives it shape, support, & protection

Answer 7

cell wall

Question 8

Stores food, water, & other materials in the cell

Answer 8

vacuole

Question 9

Packages & distributes proteins and other material in the cell

Answer 9

Golgi body

Question 10

Break down larger particles to smaller particles for recycling in the cell

Answer 10

lysosomes

Question 11

Carry oxygen and other material throughout the body

Answer 11

blood

Question 12

Structure and movement

Answer 12

bone

Question 13

Attaches to bone and allows for movement

Answer 13

muscle

Question 14

Detects stimuli from the environment and transmits information between cells

Answer 14

nerve

Question 15

Covers the surface of the body and the lining of internal organs

Answer 15

epithelial

Question 16

Gel-like material that fills the cell & surrounds the organelles

Answer 16

cytoplasm

Question 17

What is the difference between an infectious disease & a non-infectious disease

Answer 17

Infectious can be spread from person to person & non-infectious cannot be spread

Question 18

How are the following pathogens most often spread from organism to organism?

Answer 18

Virus: inhaling contaminated air, touch a contaminated object, coming in contact with a ​contaminated person, exchange of bodily fluids
​Fungus: inhaling spores, or spores landing on your skin
​Bacteria: inhaling contaminated air, biological vectors, contaminated objects, coming in contact ​with a contaminated person
​Protist: contaminated food or water, biological vectors

Question 19

What is the difference between an antibiotic and a vaccine?

Answer 19

Vaccines are weaken forms of a live virus/bacteria that creates an immune response that fights off ​the infection when the actual virus/bacteria enter your body, antibiotics weaken of kill bacteria only

Question 20

What does it mean that the cell membrane is selectively permeable?

Answer 20

The cell membrane allows certain materials to leave and enter the cell

Question 21

Explain how pant and animal cells are different

Answer 21

​Plant cells have a larger vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplast for photosynthesis

Question 22

List ways you can prevent an infection from a pathogen.

Answer 22

Wash hands, exercise, get rest, eat healthy, get check-ups, stay away from contaminated people

Question 23

Describe how a virus infects the body

Answer 23

Attaches to a cell membrane, injects genetic material, duplicates until the cell burst & dies, newly ​replicated virus attack other cells

Question 24

What is a biological vector? Give an example.

Answer 24

An organism that carries a disease that can be passed to humans. Ex. Malaria is carried by mosquitoes

Question 25

What is the negative affect of over-using of antibiotics?

Answer 25

Bacteria becomes resistant to antibiotics can be spread to other individuals and make the antibiotic ineffective

Question 26

What are some positive ways that the following organisms can help in the environment or in industries?

Answer 26

​A)Bacteria: healthy digestive systems, production of dairy products (cheese, yogurt), Oxygen for ​the environment, insulin production for diabetic patients
B)Fungus: Mold: used to make certain antibiotics