Cell Structure and Infectious Cells Flashcards
Allows material to enter or exit the cell & protects the contents of the cell
Cell membrane
Control center of the cell
nucleus
Transport materials & proteins around the cell
endoplasmic reticulum
Builds proteins in the cell
ribosomes
Provides energy for the cell by breaking down sugar molecules in cellular respiration
mitochondria
Provides food for a plant cell by collecting energy from the sun during photosynthesis
chloroplast
Rigid material that surrounds a plant cell that gives it shape, support, & protection
cell wall
Stores food, water, & other materials in the cell
vacuole
Packages & distributes proteins and other material in the cell
Golgi body
Break down larger particles to smaller particles for recycling in the cell
lysosomes
Carry oxygen and other material throughout the body
blood
Structure and movement
bone
Attaches to bone and allows for movement
muscle
Detects stimuli from the environment and transmits information between cells
nerve
Covers the surface of the body and the lining of internal organs
epithelial
Gel-like material that fills the cell & surrounds the organelles
cytoplasm
What is the difference between an infectious disease & a non-infectious disease
Infectious can be spread from person to person & non-infectious cannot be spread
How are the following pathogens most often spread from organism to organism?
Virus: inhaling contaminated air, touch a contaminated object, coming in contact with a contaminated person, exchange of bodily fluids
Fungus: inhaling spores, or spores landing on your skin
Bacteria: inhaling contaminated air, biological vectors, contaminated objects, coming in contact with a contaminated person
Protist: contaminated food or water, biological vectors
What is the difference between an antibiotic and a vaccine?
Vaccines are weaken forms of a live virus/bacteria that creates an immune response that fights off the infection when the actual virus/bacteria enter your body, antibiotics weaken of kill bacteria only
What does it mean that the cell membrane is selectively permeable?
The cell membrane allows certain materials to leave and enter the cell
Explain how pant and animal cells are different
Plant cells have a larger vacuole, cell wall, and chloroplast for photosynthesis
List ways you can prevent an infection from a pathogen.
Wash hands, exercise, get rest, eat healthy, get check-ups, stay away from contaminated people
Describe how a virus infects the body
Attaches to a cell membrane, injects genetic material, duplicates until the cell burst & dies, newly replicated virus attack other cells
What is a biological vector? Give an example.
An organism that carries a disease that can be passed to humans. Ex. Malaria is carried by mosquitoes
What is the negative affect of over-using of antibiotics?
Bacteria becomes resistant to antibiotics can be spread to other individuals and make the antibiotic ineffective
What are some positive ways that the following organisms can help in the environment or in industries?
A)Bacteria: healthy digestive systems, production of dairy products (cheese, yogurt), Oxygen for the environment, insulin production for diabetic patients
B)Fungus: Mold: used to make certain antibiotics
