CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION

Question 1

is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

-All living things are made up of cells.
-Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.
-All cells come from pre - existing cells through cell division.

Answer 2

cell theory

Question 3

-Genetic material (DNA) is passed on from one cell to another during cell division
-All cells have the same basic chemical composition
-Energy flow occurs within cells

Answer 3

modern cell theory

Question 4

two types of cells

Answer 4

1.prokaryotic
2.eukaryotic

Question 5

Do not have structures surrounded by membranes

Answer 5

prokaryotic

Question 6

Few internal structures

Answer 6

prokaryotic

Question 7

One-celled organisms, Bacteria

Answer 7

prokaryotic

Question 8

Contain organelles surrounded by membranes

Answer 8

eukaryotic

Question 9

Most living organisms

Answer 9

eukaryotic

Question 10

tiny organs that perform important life processes in the cell.

Answer 10

organelles

Question 11

cell parts organelles
(surrounding the cell)

Answer 11

-cell membrane
-cell wall

Question 12

Outer membrane of cell that controls movement in and out of the cell

Answer 12

cell membrane

Question 13

Double layer

Answer 13

cell membrane

Question 14

Most commonly found in plant cells & bacteria

Answer 14

cell wall

Question 15

Supports & protects cells

Answer 15

cell wall

Question 16

cell parts organelles
(inside the cell)

Answer 16

-nucleus
-nuclear membrane
-chromosomes
-nucleolus
-cytoplasm
-endoplasmic reticulum
-ribosomes
-mitochondria
-golgi bodies
-lysosome
-vacuoles
-chloroplast

Question 17

Directs cell activities

Answer 17

nucleus

Question 18

Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear membrane

Answer 18

nucleus

Question 19

Contains genetic material - DNA

Answer 19

nucleus

Question 20

Surrounds nucleus

Answer 20

nuclear membrane

Question 21

Made of two layers

Answer 21

nuclear membrane

Question 22

Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

Answer 22

nuclear membrane

Question 23

In nucleus

Answer 23

chromosomes

Question 24

Made of DNA

Answer 24

chromosomes

Question 25

Contain instructions for traits & characteristics

Answer 25

chromosomes

Question 26

Inside nucleus

Answer 26

nucleolus

Question 27

Contains RNA to build proteins

Answer 27

nucleolus

Question 28

Gel-like mixture

Answer 28

cytoplasm

Question 29

Surrounded by cell membrane

Answer 29

cytoplasm

Question 30

Contains hereditary material

Answer 30

cytoplasm

Question 31

Moves materials around in cell

Answer 31

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 32

lacks ribosomes

Answer 32

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 33

ribosomes embedded in surface

Answer 33

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 34

Each cell contains thousands

Answer 34

ribosomes

Question 35

Make proteins

Answer 35

ribosomes

Question 36

Found on ribosomes & floating throughout the cell

Answer 36

ribosomes

Question 37

Produces energy through chemical reactions breaking down fats & carbohydrates

Answer 37

mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)

Question 38

Controls level of water and other materials in cell

Answer 38

mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)

Question 39

Recycles and decomposes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

Answer 39

mitochondria (powerhouse of the cell)

Question 40

Protein 'packaging plant'

Answer 40

golgi bodies

Question 41

Move materials within the cell

Answer 41

golgi bodies

Question 42

Move materials out of the cell

Answer 42

golgi bodies

Question 43

Digestive 'plant' for proteins, fats, and carbohydrates

Answer 43

lysosome

Question 44

Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal

Answer 44

lysosome

Question 45

Cell breaks down if ______ explodes

Answer 45

lysosome

Question 46

Membrane-bound sacs for storage, digestion, and waste removal

Answer 46

vacuoles

Question 47

Contains water solution

Answer 47

vacuoles

Question 48

Help plants maintain shape

Answer 48

vacuoles

Question 49

Usually found in plant cells

Answer 49

chloroplast

Question 50

Contains green chlorophyll

Answer 50

chloroplast

Question 51

Where photosynthesis takes place

Answer 51

chloroplast

Question 52

4 main types of cells

Answer 52

1.epithelial cells 2.nerve cells 3.muscle cells 4.connective tissue cells

Question 53

They cover over the interior of hollow organs, like blood vessels or digestive organs, or else form the surface of things

Answer 53

epithelial cells

Question 54

They send signals from the brain to muscles and glands that control their functions. They also receive sensory information from the skin, the eyes, and the ears, and send this information to the brain

Answer 54

nerve cells

Question 55

They pull and tug on bones and tendons to produce motion.

Answer 55

muscle cells

Question 56

These cells provide structural strength to the body and also defend against foreign invaders like bacteria.

Answer 56

connective tissue cells