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biology h (freshman year) > Cell Structure and Function > Flashcards

Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

Why do different cells have different shapes

A

They have different shapes depending on their function.

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2
Q

Wha determines the cells’ size

A

It’s surface are - volume ratio

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3
Q

Where is the cell membrane located on a cell?

A

Located at the cell surface

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4
Q

What is the cell membrane responsible for

A

The movement of materials into and out of the cell

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5
Q

All living organisms are composed of what?

A

Organized parts known as cells

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6
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Consumers; cannot make their own food

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7
Q

Autotrophs

A

Producers; make their own food

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8
Q

All living organisms

A

Perform chemical reactions, change overtime/evolve, respond to their environment, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis

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9
Q

Homeostasis

A

The process where cells maintain a stable internal environment

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10
Q

Individual cells must complete these functions

A

Ingestion, Digestion, Cyclosis, Respiration, Biiosynthesis, Excretion, Excretion,Egestion, movement, reproduction, Irritability, and Secretions

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11
Q

Ingestion

A

The tweaking in of food and water

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12
Q

Digestion

A

The breaking down of food into smaller molecules so that it can be used by cells

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13
Q

Cyclosis

A

The movement of materials inside a cell

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14
Q

Respiration

A

Breaking down glucose into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a from the cell can use

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15
Q

Biosynthesis

A

Using the energy from foods to form new cell parts as in growth repair

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16
Q

Excretion

A

The removal of liquid waste from the cell

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17
Q

Egestion

A

The removal of solid waste from the cell

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18
Q

Movement

A

The process of group transportation

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19
Q

Reproduction

A

May be sexual or asexual

20
Q

Animal cells are shaped

A

Round

21
Q

Plant cells are shaped

A

Square

22
Q

What are all living things composed of

A

Cells

23
Q

What is a cell

A

The smallest unit that can carry out all processes of life

24
Q

When was the word “cell” first used and by who

A

In 1665 by Robert Hooke

25
Q

What did Robert Hooke look at to learn about cells and what did her find

A

Slices of cork (plant cells) and he saw thousands of tiny, empty chambers

26
Q

Robert called then cells because.

A

The cells reminded him of the rooms which he lived in the monastery

27
Q

What did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek make to look at things that interested him

A

He made simple microscopes with 10X magnification or greater.

28
Q

What did Leeuwenhoek discover

A

The hidden world of microorganisms in a drop of water (he called them “little beasties”

29
Q

What was Leeuwenhoek the first to do with microorganisms

A

See and describe them under a microscope

30
Q

Who was Matthias Scheilden

A

A German Botanist

31
Q

What did Schleiden and Schwann conclude

A

All plant and animals are composed of cells

32
Q

Who was Theodore Schwann

A

A German zoologist

33
Q

In 1858 what did Rudolph Virchow note about cells

A

He noted that cells can only preexisting cells

34
Q

What is the cell theory

A

All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells

35
Q

What is the cell theory

A

All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells

36
Q

Irritability

A

Responding to a stimulus

37
Q

know the cell diagram

A

section VI. (a) in the notes

38
Q

what does the cell membrane do?

A

separates the internal chemical reactions of the cell from the external environment

39
Q

cell membranes also?

A

regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell by allowing only certain molecules to enter and leave

40
Q

what is the cell membrane made of

A

mostly made of lipids and proteins

41
Q

know the nucleus diagram

A

section (c) of VI.

42
Q

what is the nucleus filled of

A

nucleoplasm

43
Q

what is nucleoplasm

A

a jellylike liquid similar to the cell’s cytoplasm

44
Q

what does the nucleoplasm hold

A

the contents of the nucleus(the cell’s DNA)

45
Q

what does DNA do

A

contains the coded instructions for the genetic makeup of future cells as well as instructions for making proteins and other important molecules for the daily functioning of the cell

46
Q

what is the nucleus surrounded by

A

biology h (freshman year) (1 decks)

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