Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
Why do different cells have different shapes
They have different shapes depending on their function.
Wha determines the cells’ size
It’s surface are - volume ratio
Where is the cell membrane located on a cell?
Located at the cell surface
What is the cell membrane responsible for
The movement of materials into and out of the cell
All living organisms are composed of what?
Organized parts known as cells
Heterotrophs
Consumers; cannot make their own food
Autotrophs
Producers; make their own food
All living organisms
Perform chemical reactions, change overtime/evolve, respond to their environment, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis
Homeostasis
The process where cells maintain a stable internal environment
Individual cells must complete these functions
Ingestion, Digestion, Cyclosis, Respiration, Biiosynthesis, Excretion, Excretion,Egestion, movement, reproduction, Irritability, and Secretions
Ingestion
The tweaking in of food and water
Digestion
The breaking down of food into smaller molecules so that it can be used by cells
Cyclosis
The movement of materials inside a cell
Respiration
Breaking down glucose into simpler substances and releasing the stored energy in a from the cell can use
Biosynthesis
Using the energy from foods to form new cell parts as in growth repair
Excretion
The removal of liquid waste from the cell
Egestion
The removal of solid waste from the cell
Movement
The process of group transportation
Reproduction
May be sexual or asexual
Animal cells are shaped
Round
Plant cells are shaped
Square
What are all living things composed of
Cells
What is a cell
The smallest unit that can carry out all processes of life
When was the word “cell” first used and by who
In 1665 by Robert Hooke
What did Robert Hooke look at to learn about cells and what did her find
Slices of cork (plant cells) and he saw thousands of tiny, empty chambers
Robert called then cells because.
The cells reminded him of the rooms which he lived in the monastery
What did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek make to look at things that interested him
He made simple microscopes with 10X magnification or greater.
What did Leeuwenhoek discover
The hidden world of microorganisms in a drop of water (he called them “little beasties”
What was Leeuwenhoek the first to do with microorganisms
See and describe them under a microscope
Who was Matthias Scheilden
A German Botanist
What did Schleiden and Schwann conclude
All plant and animals are composed of cells
Who was Theodore Schwann
A German zoologist
In 1858 what did Rudolph Virchow note about cells
He noted that cells can only preexisting cells
What is the cell theory
All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells
What is the cell theory
All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things
New cells are produced from existing cells
Irritability
Responding to a stimulus
know the cell diagram
section VI. (a) in the notes
what does the cell membrane do?
separates the internal chemical reactions of the cell from the external environment
cell membranes also?
regulates the passage of materials into and out of the cell by allowing only certain molecules to enter and leave
what is the cell membrane made of
mostly made of lipids and proteins
know the nucleus diagram
section (c) of VI.
what is the nucleus filled of
nucleoplasm
what is nucleoplasm
a jellylike liquid similar to the cell’s cytoplasm
what does the nucleoplasm hold
the contents of the nucleus(the cell’s DNA)
what does DNA do
contains the coded instructions for the genetic makeup of future cells as well as instructions for making proteins and other important molecules for the daily functioning of the cell
what is the nucleus surrounded by
