Cell Structure Flashcards
cell membrane
a protective layer surrounding a cell that controls what enters and leaves the cell
cell wall
a strong, supportive layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria and fungi
chloroplast
a specialized organelle in photosynthetic organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
cytoplasm
a jellylike substance that is contained within the cell membrane
DNA
an abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the genetic material passed from parent to offspring
endoplasmic reticulum
an organelle that aids in the production and movement of proteins and other materials through the cell
enzyme
a protein that speeds up a chemical reaction
Golgi body
an organelle that packages materials and distributes them within the cell or out of the cell
lysosome
an organelle that contains digestive enzymes that break down waste materials
mitochondrion
an organelle that breaks down sugars and releases energy - powerhouse of cell
nucleus
the control center of the cell that contains DNA
organelle
a specialized structure within a cell that performs a particular function
ribosome
an organelle that produces proteins for the cell
vacuole
an organelle used as a temporary storage area
