Cell Structure

Question 1

Description and function

Cell wall

Answer 1

Description
Freely permeable layer surrounding cell membrane. The cell wall of plant cells is made from cellulose. This gives them a rigid structure.

Function
Supports and strengthens cell

Question 2

Description and function

Cell membrane

Answer 2

Description
Selectively permeable double layer of lipid and protein molecules

Function
Controls which substances can enter and leave the cell

Question 3

Description and function

Cytoplasm

Answer 3

Description
Fluid enclosed by the cell membrane, containing organelles and ribosomes

Function
Location of many chemical reactions

Question 4

Description and function

Mitochondria

Answer 4

Description
Rod-shaped structures found in cytoplasm

Function
Location where aerobic respiration occurs and most of the cell’s ATP is produced

Question 5

Description and function

Chloroplast

Answer 5

Description
Disc-shaped structures found in cytoplasm

Function
Location where photosynthesis occurs and sugar is produced

Question 6

Description and function

Ribosome

Answer 6

Description
Small complexes found in cytoplasm

Function
Location where amino acids are connected together to produce proteins

Question 7

Description and function

Vacuole

Answer 7

Description
Compartment in cell containing solution of salts and sugars (cell sap)

Function
Water storage and maintenance of turgor within the cell

Question 8

Description and function

Plasmids

Answer 8

Description
Small circular DNA molecules

Function
Contains genes that help cell to function, eg genes for antibiotic resistance

Question 9

Description and function

Nucleus

Answer 9

Description
Compartment in cell where DNA is stored as chromosomes

Function
Controls activities of cell