Cell Structure

Question 1

Prokaryotes lack??

Answer 1

Nucleus, organelles

Question 2

Examples of prokaryotes include

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

Describe the structure of prokaryotes

Answer 3

Nucleic region contains DNA also contains cell membrane and cell wall.
Contains ribosomes to make protein

Question 4

Describe the structure of eukaryotes

Answer 4

Nucleus
Cytoplasm contains Organelles
Cell membrane

Question 5

Eukaryotes have??

Answer 5

Nucleus and organelles

Question 6

Examples of eukaryotes

Answer 6

Animal, plant and fungi

Question 7

Function of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 7

Canals for movement

Question 8

Function of golgi body

Answer 8

Wraps and exports proteins

Question 9

Function of nucleolus

Answer 9

Makes ribosomes

Question 10

Function of lysosomes

Answer 10

Digest and gets rid of wast

Question 11

Function of ribosomes

Answer 11

Makes proteins

Question 12

Describe golgi bodies

Answer 12

i) Bears resemblance to stakes of flat sacks
ii) Has a receiving side and a shipping side
iii) Receives and modifies protein made by ER
iv) Transport vesicles with modified protein pinch of the ends

Question 13

Describe lysosomes

Answer 13

i) They contain digestive enzymes
ii) Breaks down food and worn out cell parts for the cell
iii) programmed for cell death( release enzymes to break down and recycle cell parts

Question 14

Describe nucleolus

Answer 14

i) Cells may have 1 to 3 nucleoli inside nucleus
ii) Disappears when cell divides
iii) Produces ribosomes that produce proteins

Question 15

Describe endoplasmic reticulum smooth/rough

Answer 15

Smooth ER: lacks ribosomes and produces the protein used by the cell

Rough ER: has ribosomes on its surface that produce proteins

Question 16

Function of mitochondria

Answer 16

Site of respiration, carries out energy production for the cell ( power house of the cell)
Description: it’s rod shaped

Question 17

Describe cell membrane

Answer 17

i) Lies against the cell wall in plants made of protein and phospholipids
ii) Selectively permeable
iii) Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell

Question 18

Describe the cytoplasm

Answer 18

i) Jelly-like substance enclosed by cell membrane
ii) Provides medium for chemical reaction to take place
iii) Contains organelles that carry out specific function

Question 19

Describe the nucleus

Answer 19

i) Controls the normal activities of the cell
ii) Contains DNA
iii) Bounded by a nuclear membrane
iv) Contain chromosomes
v) Each cell has a fixed number of chromosomes that contain Gene’s
vi) Gene’s Controls cell characteristics

Question 20

Name plant organelles

Answer 20

Chloroplast and cell wall

Question 21

Describe the chloroplast

Answer 21

i) Contains green pigment called chlorophyll
ii) Traps sunlight to make sugar by a process called photosynthesis

Question 22

Describe the cell wall

Answer 22

i) Dead layer, large empty spaces found between cellulose fibers
ii) Freely permeable
iii) Its made of cellulose which form very thin fibers
iv) Strong and rigid
v) It protects and supports the enclosed substances (protoplasm)
vi) Resist entry of excess water
vii) Gives the cell shape

Question 23

Describe the vacoule

Answer 23

i) Has a large central vacuole, surrounded by tonoplast
ii) Contains cell sap( sugar, proteins, pigment, mineral and wast

Question 24

Name animal organelles

Answer 24

Centriole

Question 25

Examples of animal cells

Answer 25

Amoeba
Paramecium
Sperm
Cheek cell
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Nerve cells
Muscle cells

Question 26

Examples of plant cells

Answer 26

Root hair cell
Onion epidermal cell
Guard cell

Question 27

Similarities between plant cell and animal cell

Answer 27

They both have cell membrane
They both have mitochondria
They both have nucleus

Question 28

Difference between plant and animal cells

Answer 28

1) Cell wall is present in plant cells
Cell wall is absent in animal cells
2) Plant cells have large vacoule
Animal cells have small or absent
vacoule.
3) Plant cells store food as starch
Animal cells store food as
glycogen.
4) Plant cells have a regular shape
Animal cells have irregular shape
5) Plant cell are relatively large
Animal cells are relatively small
6) Plant cells nucleus is close to the
cell wall
Animal cells nucleus is at the
center.