Cell signaling + feedback Flashcards
Junctions
Connect the membrane to other cells and allows small molecules to diffuse between them(only in animal cells)
Coordination
When cells transfer signals/communicate between adjacent cells
Plant cell signaling
Plant cells are ubiquitous, and they act as a giant network throughout the entire plant
Paracrine signals
Signals that transfer between cells locally and cause quick, temporary responses
How do paracrine signals move?
By diffusion through the extracellular matrix
Endocrine signals
Signals that originate from the endocrine cells, and produce slower, long-lasting signals
What do endocrine cells use to send signals?
Hormones
Autocrine signaling
Autocrine signaling targets itself and often occurs in the early development of an organism
What are different cell responses?
Cell division
Change in cellular metabolism
Protein synthesis
Cell growth
Cell death
What are changes in the cellular metabolism
The body releases adrenaline
Increases AMP
Preps your body for a short-term emergency
Results in an increased breakdown of glycogen
The glucose is then available for use in the muscle cells
Cell growth
Causes cell division
Cell death
When a cell dies because of the danger it may cause for the organism
Apoptosis
A type of cell death where the cell dies in a manner that won’t harm other cells
Negative feedbac
When a cell receives incorrect signals, the cell will; send negative feedback
Positive feedback
When a small, positive change happens and it is amplified and becomes a loop
