Cell Signaling

Question 1

G proteins are bound to guanosine diphosphate (GDP) when they’re inactive, and when a ligand binds.

Answer 1

guanosine triphosphate (GTP)

Question 2

are seven-pass transmembrane receptors. The associate with G-proteins made of alpha, beta, and gamma sub units.

Answer 2

G-protein coupled receptors

Question 3

Gs protein stimulates the enzyme .

Answer 3

adenylate cyclase

Question 4

Phospholipase C cleaves phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into .

Answer 4

inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol

Question 5

Gi protein inhibits the enzyme .

Answer 5

adenylate cyclase

Question 6

Activated adenylate cyclase takes adenosine triphosphate or ATP, and transforms it into .

Answer 6

cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)

Question 7

Gq protein activates the enzyme .

Answer 7

phospholipase C

Question 8

Signal is the process where a receptor protein changes in response to binding a ligand and activates the second messenger proteins.

Answer 8

signal transduction