Cell Proliferation Flashcards
what are germ cells?
give rise to gametes
make it possible for organisms to reproduce
what are somatic cells?
all other cells apart from germ cells
differentiated
what happens in gap phase 1?
makes sure cell is large enough to enter s phase
what happens in gap phase 2?
ensures cell has been replicated completely
errors corrected
cell large enough to divide
what controls the cell cycle?
cc events:
nutrients
cell-density
growth factors
external environments:
cdks
cyclins
how do CDKS work?
modifying cyclins which initiate/regulate stages of the cell cycle
what happens during the S-phase?
chromosome replicate
chromatids produced held by centromeres
prophase
chromosomes condense
nuclear membrane and nucleus disappear
mitotic spindle forms
pro metaphase
nuclear envelope fragments
microtubules attacks to chromatids at the kinetochores
metaphase
chromosomes lined up in metaphase plate
all chromosomes attached to each pole
anaphase
centromeres cleaved
chromosomes pulled to opposite poles
telophase
nuclear envelope and nucleas appear
cytoplasm divides
chromosomes become less dense
