Cell Processes Flashcards
Water molecules moving across the selectively permeable cell membrane form an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Osmosis
Any molecules spread out from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
Diffusion
The cell membrane can choose what it lets come in and what goes out.
Selectively permeable cell membrane
Cellular transport - Diffusion and Osmosis - that uses no energy.
Passive transport
Cellular transport that uses energy
Active transport
Equilibrium
Balance
Stable internal conditions in a living organism.
Homeostasis
Raw materials/Reactants
What goes IN to a reaction - Ingredients
Products
What comes OUT of a reaction - made.
Energy making process of all living organisms
Cellular respiration
Food making process of plants
Photosynthesis
Organelles Cellular respiration takes place in.
Mitochondria.
Organelle Photosynthesis takes place in.
Chloroplast
Green pigment in the chloroplast that traps the sun’s energy.
Chlorophyll
Raw materials of Photosynthesis.
Water + Carbon Dioxide + Solar energy.
Raw Materials of Cellular Respiration.
Glucose (sugar/food) + Oxygen
Products of Photosynthesis.
Glucose (sugar/food)
Products of Cellular Respiration.
Water + Carbon Dioxide + Usable energy/ATP
Usable energy made during Cellular respiration is also known as ______
ATP
Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration can be thought of as ________________ of each other.
Opposites
Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration make up the __________ and ____________ cycle.
Carbon and Oxygen Cycle
How many stages are there of cell division?
3
What are the three stages of cell division.
Interphase, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
How many phases does Mitosis have?
4
What are the four stages of Mitosis
Mitosis Prophase, Mitosis Metaphase, Mitosis Anaphase, Mitosis Telophase.
What happens during Interphase.
The cell grows and prepares to divide. The DNA is copied/replicate/duplicated.
What stage is the longest stage in cell division?
Interphase - Stage 1
What stage produces two new daughter cells?
Cytokinesis - Stage 3
What happens in telophase?
TWO NEW NUCLEi are created and the cell begins to divide.
What happens in Anaphase?
Spindle fibers attach to the centromeres and the chromosomes PULL APART to opposites sides of the cell.
What happens in Prophase?
Nuclear membrane disappears and the Chromotids PAIR UP.
What happens in Metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the MIDDLE of the cell.
Why would cells divide?
For repair, replacement and growth.
What is meiosis?
When sex cells (egg and sperm) divide.
What type of cells divide during Mitosis?
All body cells (not sex cells).
What is the female sex cell.
Egg - X
What is the male sex cell?
Sperm - can be X or Y
During what stage does DNA make a copy of itself?
Interphase - Stage 1.
What is the difference between Mitosis and Meiosis?
Mitosis divides body cells. Meiosis divides sex cells.
How many chromosomes are there in a human body cell?
46
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in a human body cell?
23
How many chromosomes come from mom and how many comes from dad?
23 and 23
