Cell Part Structure And Functions Flashcards
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Controls what substances enter and leave the cell
The “gatekeeper” of the cell
What is the structure of the cell membrane?
A double-layer of phospholipids that surrounds all cells
What is the structure of the nucleus?
A large oval structure that contains the genetic material (chromatin) of the cell
What is the function of the nucleus?
The cell’s control center, controls all of the cells activities
The “brain” of the cell
What is the structure of the cytoskeleton?
A network of micro tubules and filaments.
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
Helps give shape to the cell and assist in intracellular movements.
What is the structure of a mitochondria?
Rod-shaped structure
What is the function of the mitochondria?
Produce most of the cell’s energy
The “powerhouse” of the cell
What is the structure of a chromosome?
A doubled rod of condensed chromatin, made up of 2 chromatids held together in the center by a centromere.
What is the function of a chromosome?
To carry the DNA to the two new cells during the cell cycle.
What is the structure of the Golgi bodies?
A flattened collection of sacs and tubes
What is the function of the Golgi bodies?
Receive proteins and other newly formed materials from the E.R., package them, and distribute them to other parts of the cell or release materials outside of the cell.
“The cell’s mail room”
What is the structure of a lysosome?
Small round structures that contain chemicals
What is the function of a lysosome?
Break down large food particles, and old cell parts.
The cell’s clean-up crew
What is the structure of a ribosome?
Small grain like bodies found on the surface of the rough E.R. And floating around the cytoplasm.
What is the function of the ribosomes?
Factories that produce proteins
What is the structure of a vacuole?
Animal- round sac found in some animal cells
Plant- most have one large vacuole
What is the function of a vacuole?
Animal- store food,water, wastes, and other materials
Plant- store food wastes, and other materials. Also, stores most of the cells water and helps to keep the cell plump and firm.
What is the structure of the smooth E.R.?
A maze of passageways
What is the structure of the rough E.R.?
A maze of passageways studded with ribosomes.
What is the function of the E.R.? (Smooth and rough)
Carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.
What is the structure of the nucleolus?
Small dark structure found in the nucleus
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Where ribosomes are made
What is the structure of the cytoplasm.
The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus that consists of a clear, thick, gel- like fluid (cytosol) and the organelles.
What is the function of the cytoplasm?
To help hold the organelles and assist intracellular motion
What is the structure of the cell wall?
A rigid layer of non-living material, made of cellulose. Found covering the cells of plants and some other organisms, but not in animal cells.
What is the function of the cell wall
Helps to protect and support the cell, gives it a rigid boxlike shape
What is the structure of the cilia?
Small hairlike structures that cover are found on the surface of some animal cells
What is the function of cilia?
Assist in cell motility (movement) and help sweep fluids past the cell.
What is the structure of a chloroplast?
Large green structures found in plant cells
What is the function of a chloroplast?
Capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food (sugars) for the cell.
What is the structure of a centriole?
A ring of fused micro tubules
What is the function of a centriole?
Create the spindle fibers during mitosis
