Cell Organelles

Question 1

Cell wall:
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 1

Found in: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plant and fungi cells

Structure: Rigid structure outside cell membrane
Composition:
Plants - Cellulose
Fungi - Chiton
Bacteria - Murein

Function:
Support, permeable to water and dissolved minerals

Question 2

The Cell or Plasma Membrane:
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 2

Found in: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plants, animals, fungi and protist cells

Structure: Delicate double layer of phospholipid molecules

Function: Controls the movement of substance into and out of the cell

Question 3

The Nucleus:
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 3

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: Large organelle surrounded by a double membrane with pores called nuclear membrane

Function: Contains the genetic information of the cell which controls all the cellular function and activities

Question 4

The Nucleolus:
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 4

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: Membrane less structure within the nucleus

Function: Where ribosomes are made

Question 5

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 5

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: A network of intracellular membranes that links with the plasma membrane and other organelles

Function: The production processing transport and storage of materials within the cell

Question 6

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 6

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: A network of intracellular membranes that links with the plasma membrane and other organelles

Function: Detoxification of drugs and poisons

Question 7

Golgi apparatus / bodies
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 7

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: A stack of flat membrane sacs celled cistern that are linked to the endoplasmic reticulum

Function: The site of the final synthesis and packaging of proteins into membrane bound vesicles before secretion from the cell

Question 8

Ribosomes
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 8

Found in: Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

Structure: Very small organelles often associated with endoplasmic reticulum or found free floating in the cytoplasm

Function: They are the site of protein synthesis

Question 9

Lysosomes
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 9

Found in: Animal cells

Structure: Membrane bound vesicle which contains powerful enzymes

Function: Its the site for breakdown of debris and foreign material within the cell

Question 10

Vacuoles
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 10

Found in: Eukaryotic, animal and plant cells

Structure: Membrane bound fluid filled space

Function:
Plants: Larger and are used for storage and turgidity
Animals: Smaller and are used for intracellular digestion or water balance

Question 11

Mitochondria
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 11

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: Organelle contains many layers of folded membranes. These folders increase the surface area of the organelle

Function: It’s the powerhouse of the cell. Its where energy transformations that release energy for the cell take place

Question 12

Chlorplasts
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 12

Found in: Plant cells

Structure: Organelle which is composed of many folded layers of membranes

Function: Site of photosynthesis

Question 13

Cytoskeleton
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 13

Found in: Eukaryotic cells

Structure: Like the back bone of the cell

Function: Network of protein filament and tubules in cytoplasm that gives the cell shape and structural support and transport

Question 14

Centrioles
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 14

Found in: Animal and protist cells

Structure: Pair of small cylindrical structure composed of microtubules

Function: Involved in the separation of chromosomes in cell division

Question 15

Cytoplasm
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 15

Found in: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plants, animals, fungi and protist cells

Structure: Contents of the cell other than the nucleus. Its more than 90% water and contains ions, salts, enzymes, food molecules and organelles other than the nucleus

Function: Houses the bulk of organelles

Question 16

Vesicles
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 16

Found in: Organelles

Structure: Membrane bound organelle

Function: Usually associated with transport within the cell

Question 17

Plastids
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 17

Found in: Plant cells

Structure: Double membrane, contains DNA

Function: Synthesis and storage of different chemicals
Chloroplasts - Photosynthesis
Chromoplasts - Pigment fruit and petals
Others - Synthesis / storage carbs and lipids

Question 18

Cilia / Flagellum
Found in
Structure
Function

Answer 18

Found in: Prokaryotic, eukaryotic, plants, animals, fungi and protist cells

Structure: Microtubules coated in plasma membrane. 9 pairs

Function: Locomotion of the cell or fluids on the cells surface