Cell Organelles

Question 1

Structure :
Phospholipid bilayer, fluid mosaic model

Function : to regulate what enters and leaves the cell

In plant animal and bacteria cells

Answer 1

Cell membrane

Question 2

Structure : made of cellulose, has other polysaccharides and proteins

Function: cell shape, protection

In plant and bacteria cell

Answer 2

Cell Wall

Question 3

Structure: surrounded by a double membrane (nuclear envelope)

Function: control center, contains genetic information

In plant and animal cells

Answer 3

Nucleus and nucleolus

Question 4

Structure: rRNA in nucleolus, free - cytoplasm, ribosomes - rough ER

Function: protein synthesis

In plants animal and bacteria cells

Answer 4

Ribosomes

Question 5

Structure : covered with ribosomes

Function : transports proteins

In plant and animal cells

Answer 5

Rough ER

Question 6

Structure: not covered with ribosomes

Function : makes lipids and carbs, detoxifies poisons, and stores calcium

In plant and animal cells

Answer 6

Smooth ER

Question 7

Structure: Cis face - receiving side , trans face- shipping side

Function: cellular respiration , makes ATP

In plant and animal cells

Answer 7

Mitochondria (energy)

Question 8

Structure: double membrane, own proteins, contains own DNA

Function: plastid, contains chlorophyll, involved in process of photosynthesis

In plant cells only

Answer 8

Chloroplast (energy)

Question 9

Structure: holds digestive enzymes

Function : digests molecules

In animal cells only

Answer 9

Lysosomes

Question 10

Structure : takes up most of the volume, part of the endomembrane system

Function: contains cell sap, stores proteins ions and waste

Answer 10

Central vacuole

Question 11

Structure: single membrane

Function: oxidation, produce hydrogen peroxide and converts it to water, contains catalase(breaks down H2O2), oxidation: transfers H+

In animal cells

Answer 11

Peroxisome (energy)

Question 12

Structure: tubulin

Function: shape, motility, move chromosomes, organelles

Thickest in cytoskeleton

Answer 12

Microtubule

Question 13

Structure: consists of proteins

Function: shape, anchors the nucleus

Second thickest in cytoskeleton

Answer 13

Intermediate filaments

Question 14

Structure: consists of proteins

Function: motility, cell shape, muscle contractions, cytoplasmic streaming, cleavage furrow- when animal cell divides

Thinnest in cytoskeleton

Answer 14

Microfilaments