cell organelles

Question 1

little organ

Answer 1

organelles

Question 2

membrane-bound inside our cells

Answer 2

organelles

Question 3

organelles + cytosol

Answer 3

cytoplasm

Question 4

matrix or liquid or gel-like substance

Answer 4

cytosol

Question 5

information center of the cell

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

surrounded by nuclear envelope which is double membrane

Answer 6

nucleus

Question 7

process of lysosome digesting food

Answer 7

phagocytosis

Question 8

channel/convey information from the nucleus; controls what goes in and out of the nucleus

Answer 8

nuclear pores

Question 9

houses chromosomes

Answer 9

nucleus

Question 10

site of ribosome production

Answer 10

nucleolus

Question 11

matrix inside the nucleolus

Answer 11

nucleoplasm

Question 12

protein factory; makes protein

Answer 12

ribosome

Question 13

double-stranded that carries generic information

Answer 13

DNA

Question 14

single-stranded that creates protein via translation

Answer 14

RNA

Question 15

joins with proteins to form the subunits of ribosomes

Answer 15

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Question 16

specifies the sequence of amino acids in proteins

Answer 16

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Question 17

participates in the assembly of amino acids during protein synthesis

Answer 17

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Question 18

biosynthetic factory that produces lipids

Answer 18

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

has the structure of extensive network of membrane bounded tubules and sacs

Answer 19

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

its function is synthesis of lipids, metabolism of carbohydrates, Ca2+ storage, detoxification of drugs and poisons

Answer 20

Smooth ER

Question 21

aids the synthesis of secretory and other proteins from bound ribosomes; produces new membranes

Answer 21

Rough ER

Question 22

shipping and receiving center

Answer 22

golgi apparatus

Question 23

the polarity of golgi apparatus

Answer 23

cis and trans faces

Question 24

its function is the modification of proteins, carbohydrates on proteins, and phospholipids

Answer 24

golgi apparatus

Question 25

3 organelles in the endomembrane system

Answer 25

endoplasmic reticullum, golgi apparatus, vesicles

Question 26

digestive compartments

Answer 26

lysosomes

Question 27

have very low pH and store powerful hydrolytic digestive enzymes

Answer 27

lysosomes

Question 28

help in breaking down of molecules

Answer 28

lysosomes

Question 29

process of lysosome breaking down damaged organelles

Answer 29

autophagy

Question 30

maintenance compartments

Answer 30

vacoule

Question 31

large membrane-bound that is filled with water fluid (cell sap)

Answer 31

vacuole

Question 32

its function is digestion, water balance, cell growth and protection, and waste disposal

Answer 32

vacuole

Question 33

oxidation; specialized metabolic compartment bounded by a single membrane

Answer 33

peroxisome

Question 34

contains oxidative enzymes that transfer H atoms from substances to oxygen producing H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)

Answer 34

peroxisome

Question 35

capture light energy

Answer 35

plastids

Question 36

its structure is typically, two membranes around fluid stroma

Answer 36

plastids

Question 37

production of sugar

Answer 37

photosynthesis

Question 38

this organelle is bounded by a double membrane which is called the phospholipid bilayer

Answer 38

mitochondria

Question 39

its function is cellular respiration

Answer 39

mitochondria

Question 40

this is enclosed by the inner membrane and contains many enzymes as well as mitochondrial DNA & ribosomes

Answer 40

mitochondrial matrix

Question 41

cell barrier; which has selective barriers that allows passage of oxygen, nutrients, & wastes

Answer 41

plasma membrane

Question 42

structural support; this organelle helps the cells to maintain their structural integrity

Answer 42

cytoskeleton

Question 43

part of the cytoskeleton that maintain cell shape & structure and make-up cilia and flagella

Answer 43

microtubules

Question 44

part of the cytoskeleton that is made up of actin; creates the cleavage furrow during cell division

Answer 44

microfilament

Question 45

a type of protein (fibers) that are twisted into microfilaments

Answer 45

actin

Question 46

made up of fibrous subunits of keratin that hell maintain cell shape & structure

Answer 46

intermediate filament