Cell Organelles

Question 1

Function Of Plasma Membrane

Answer 1

Regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell. It also has receptor molecules on it, which allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones

Question 2

Function Of Cell Wall

Answer 2

Supports Plant Cell

Question 3

Function Of Nucleus

Answer 3

The nucleus controls the cells activities. DNA contains instructions to make proteins. The pores allow substances for example RNA to move between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus makes ribosomes.

Question 4

Function Of a lysosome

Answer 4

Contains digestive enzymes. These are kept separate from the cytoplasm by surrounding membrane, and can be used to digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell

Question 5

Function of Ribosomes

Answer 5

The site where proteins are made (protein synthesis)

Question 6

Function of Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 6

Folds and processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.

Question 7

Function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 7

Synthesises and processes lipids

Question 8

Function of vesicle

Answer 8

Transports substances in and out of the cell (via the plasma membrane) and between organelles. Some are formed but the Golgi apparatus or the endoplasmic reticulum, while the others are formed at the cell surface

Question 9

Function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 9

It processes and packages new lipids and proteins. It also makes lysosomes

Question 10

Function of mitochondria

Answer 10

The site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced. They’re found in large numbers in cells that are very active and require lots of energy

Question 11

Function of chloroplast

Answer 11

The site where photosynthesis takes place. Some parts of photosynthesis happen in the grana, and other paths happen I’m the stroma (a thick fluid found in the chloroplasts)

Question 12

Function of centrioles

Answer 12

Involved with the separation of chromosomes during cell division

Question 13

Function of cilia

Answer 13

The microtubules allow the cilia to move. The movement is used by the cell to move substances along the cell surface

Question 14

Function of flagellum

Answer 14

The microtubules contract to make flagellum move. Flagella are used like outboard motors to propel cells forward.

Question 15

Structure of Nucleus

Answer 15

A large organelle surround by the nuclear envelope which contains many pores. The nucleus contains chromatin (which is made from DNA and proteins) and a structure called the nucleolus

Question 16

Structure of lysosome

Answer 16

A round organelle surrounded by no membrane, with a no clear internal structure

Question 17

Structure of ribosome

Answer 17

A very small organelle that either floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.It’s made up of proteins and rna. It’s not surrounded my a membrane.

Question 18

Structure of rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 18

A system of membranes enclosing a fluid flooded space. The surface is covered with ribosomes

Question 19

Structure of smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 19

Similar to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, but with no ribosomes

Question 20

Structure of vesicles

Answer 20

A small fluid filled sac in the cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane

Question 21

Structure of Golgi apparatus

Answer 21

A group of fluid filled, membrane bound, flattened sacs. Vesicles are often seen at the edges of the sacs

Question 22

Structure of mitochondria

Answer 22

Oval shaped
They have a double membrane- the inner one is folded to form structures called cristae. Inside is the matrix, which contains enzymes involved in respiratio.

Question 23

Structure of choloroplast

Answer 23

A small flattened structure found in plants cells. It’s surrounded by a double membrane, and also has membranes inside called thylakoid membranes. These membranes are stacked up in some parts of the Grana. Grana are linked together by lamellae - thin flat pieces of thylakoid membranes

Question 24

Structure of centrioles

Answer 24

Small, hollow cylinders, made of microtubules (tiny protein cylinders). Found in animal cells, but only some plants

Question 25

Structure of cilia

Answer 25

Small hair like structures found on the surface membrane of some animal cells. In cross sections, they have an outer membrane and a ring of nine pairs of protein microtubules inside, with two microtubules in the middle.

Question 26

Structure of flagellum

Answer 26

Flagellum on eukaryotic cells are like cilia but longer. They stick out of the cell surface and are surrounded by the plasma membrane. Inside they’re like cilia too